摘要
目的:了解社区居民糖尿病患者自我管理的影响因素,为糖尿病患者的个性化自我管理提供科学依据。方法:采用方便抽样法,于2016年3月—2017年8月对北京市朝阳区6个社区的980例糖尿病患者使用自我管理现状及护理指导需求问卷、服药依从性量表进行问卷调查。调查内容包括血糖管理、锻炼情况等自我管理情况、服药依从性及护理指导需求情况,通过单因素分析和多重回归分析患者自我管理、护理指导需求和服药依从性的影响因素。结果:社区糖尿病患者的自我管理现状得分为(1.76±0.25)分;护理指导需求得分为(1.73±0.29)分,得分最高的维度为药物指导需求,得分最低的维度为科普糖尿病知识指导需求;服药依从性得分为(3.48±0.64)分,得分最高的维度为不擅自停药,得分最低的维度为服药次数。单因素分析显示,不同在职情况、文化程度患者自我管理现状得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同文化程度患者护理指导需求得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄、在职情况、糖尿病确诊年限患者服药依从性得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重回归分析显示,患者文化程度影响自我管理现状、护理指导需求(P<0.05);在职情况影响自我管理现状(P<0.05);年龄影响服药依从性(P<0.05)。结论:社区糖尿病患者的自我管理情况受文化程度、在职情况的影响,护理指导需求受文化程度的影响,服药依从性受年龄影响。应注重提高文化程度低、在职的糖尿病患者的自管管理水平,针对文化程度高的患者进行护理指导,应关注低年龄的糖尿病患者以提高其服药依从性,从而提高患者自我管理水平,改善生活质量。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of self-management of diabetics in community so as to provide a scientific basis for personalized self-management of diabetics.Methods From March 2016 to August 2017,this study selected 980 diabetics from 6 communities in Chaoyang District of Beijing by convenience sampling.All of patients were investigated with the self-management,nursing instruction need and medication adherence questionnaire and the medication adherence scale to understand the self-management,such as blood glucose management,exercise,medication adherence and nursing instruction need.Simple correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of self-management,nursing instruction need and medication adherence.Results Among those diabetics in community,the score of self-management was(1.76±0.25).The score of nursing instruction need was(1.73±0.29)with medication instruction need dimension for the highest and diabetic knowledge instruction need dimension for the lowest.The score of medication adherence was(3.48±0.64)with unauthorized drug withdrawal dimension for the highest and times of taking medicine dimension for the lowest.Simple correlation showed that there were statistical differences in the scores of self-management among patients with different on-the-job situations and education levels(P<0.05),and in the score of nursing instruction need among patients with different education levels(P<0.05),and in the scores of medication adherence among patients with different ages,on-the-job situations and diagnosed ages(P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that the influencing factor of self-management and nursing instruction need was the education level(P<0.05),and the influencing factor of self-management was the on-the-job situation(P<0.05),and the influencing factor of medication adherence was the age(P<0.05).Conclusions Among diabetics in community,the self-management is influenced by the education level and on-the-job situation;nursing instruction need is influenced by the education level;the medication adherence is influenced by the age.We should increase the self-management of patients with the low level of education and on-the-job,provide nursing instruction for patients with the high level of education,promote the medication adherence of diabetics with low ages so as to improve the self-management and quality of life of patients.
作者
王吉英
肖光青
王彦
徐玮玉
闫江楠
Wang Jiying;Xiao Guangqing;Wang Yan;Xu Weiyu;Yan Jiangnan(Nursing Department,Chui Yang Liu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University of Beijing,Beijing 100022,China;Coronary Care Unit,Chui Yang Liu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University of Beijing,Beijing 100022,China;Injection Room,Chui Yang Liu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University of Beijing,Beijing 100022,China;Intensive Care Unit,Chui Yang Liu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University of Beijing,Beijing 100022,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2020年第15期2061-2065,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
糖尿病
自我管理
服药依从性
护理指导需求
影响因素
Diabetes mellitus
Self-management
Self-management
Nursing instruction need
Influencing factors
