摘要
采用山西省地表水环境质量监测网2016年3月~2019年3月的数据,与水质指标标准限值《地表水环境质量标准GB3838-2002》比较以及Arc Gis10.0空间分析功能,对黄河流域近年地表水主要表征指标COD和氨氮浓度的变化特征进行了初步分析。结果表明:黄河流域沁河水系水质明显优于汾河水系。汾河水系化学需氧量浓度年内变化和季节没有特别明显的相关性,6~8月呈下降趋势;氨氮浓度年内变化则呈现出相似的季节变化特征,丰水期浓度远低于枯水期浓度。从空间变化特征来看COD和氨氮污染严重区域主要集中于山西省汾河水系中南部,2017年COD和氨氮含量高于其他年份,可能由于山西省工业企业数量的增加,但污染物年均含量总体呈现逐年下降趋势,由于国家政策的支撑污染物排放量的逐年递减是黄河流域近年地表水质改善的重要原因。
Based on the data of surface water environmental quality monitoring network of Shanxi Province from March 2016 to March 2019,compared with the water quality index standard limit"surface water environmental quality standard GB3838-2002"and the spatial analysis function of ArcGis10.0,the change characteristics of COD and ammonia nitrogen concentration,the main characterization indexes of surface water in the Yellow River basin in recent years,were preliminarily analyzed.The results showed that water quality of Qinhe River System in the Yellow River basin is obviously better than that of Fenhe River System.There is no significant correlation between the chemical oxygen demand concentration and the season in the Fenhe River System,and it shows a downward trend from June to August.The annual variation of NH3-N concentration shows similar seasonal variation characteristics,and the concentration in wet season was much lower than that in dry season.From the characteristics of spatial variation,areas with severe COD and NH3-N pollution are mainly concentrated in the southern and central part of the Fenhe River Basin in Shanxi Province.The content of COD and NH3-N in 2017 is higher than that in other years,which may be due to the increase of industrial enterprises in Shanxi Province.However,the annual average content of pollutants shows a trend of decreasing year by year.With the support of national policies,the annual decline of pollutant emissions is an important reason for the improvement of surface water quality in the Yellow River Basin in recent years.
作者
张婧雯
王婷
ZHANG Jing-wen;WANG Ting(Shanxi Dadi Minji Eco-Environment Co.,Ltd,Taiyuan 030000,China;Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2020年第3期19-24,共6页
Sichuan Environment
关键词
黄河流域
化学需氧量
氨氮
变化特征
山西
Yellow river basin
chemical oxygen demand
ammonia nitrogen
variation characteristic
Shanxi province
