摘要
构建超效率非期望产出SBM模型,基于黄河流域2007-2016年共94个城市的面板数据,运用全局DEA技术测算了市级环境效率。通过动态空间面板杜宾模型,结合新发展理念,构建黄河流域城市环境效率驱动要素体系,定量分析了高质量发展视角下环境效率的驱动要素及其空间溢出效应。结果表明,2016年黄河流域平均环境效率0.624,总体处于中质量发展阶段。平均省级环境效率从高到低依次为内蒙古、陕西、山东、黄河流域均值、甘肃、四川、山西、河南、青海、宁夏。2007-2016年,黄河流域市级平均环境效率由0.322增至0.624,总体涨幅93.79%,年均涨幅6.84%。所有省份的环境效率均有提升,青海增速最快,山东增速最慢。人均教育支出、人均使用外资金额、劳动者报酬占比均能提高当地环境效率,第二产业占GDP比重、人均环境从业人员、人口密度与当地环境效率呈反向关系,人均教育支出、人均科研人员、第二产业占GDP比重正向溢出效应明显。发展程度低、工业技术落后、城市环境差、水资源匮乏等是制约城市环境效率与高质量发展的主要因素。
The Super Efficiency SBM Model was constructed in this paper.Based on the panel data of 94 cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2007 to 2016,the global DEA technology was used to calculate the eco-efficiency of cities.By utilizing the dynamic spatial panel Dubin model and five development concepts,the driving factors system of urban environmental efficiency in the Yellow River Basin was constructed,and the driving factors and spatial spillover effects of environmental efficiency were analyzed quantitatively under the view of high quality development.The result showed that the average environmental efficiency of the Yellow River Basin in 2016 was 0.624,which was in the stage of medium quality development.The average provincial environmental efficiency rankings from highest to lowest are Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Shandong,Gansu,Sichuan,Shanxi,Henan,Qinghai,and Ningxia,respectively.From 2007 to 2016,the average environmental efficiency at the municipal level in the Yellow River Basin increased from 0.322 to 0.624 with an overall increase of 93.79%and an average annual increase of 6.84%.Environmental efficiency has improved in all provinces.Among them,Qinghai Province processed the fastest growth rate,while Shandong Province exhibited the slowest growth rate.Per capita education expenditure,per capita use of foreign capital,and labor compensation ratio were all capable to improve local environmental efficiency.The proportion of secondary production in GDP,per capita environmental employment,population density and the local environmental efficiency are inversely related.The positive spillover effects of per capita education expenditure,per capita scientific research personnel,and the proportion of secondary production in GDP are obvious.Low development level,backward industrial technology,poor urban environment,and lack of water resources are the main factors of restricting urban environmental efficiency and high-quality development.
作者
曾贤刚
刘纪新
牛木川
ZENG Xiangang;LIU Jixin;NIU Muchuan(School of Environmental Natural Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《生态经济》
北大核心
2020年第7期29-36,共8页
Ecological Economy
基金
中国人民大学“中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金”项目(16XNL004)。
关键词
黄河流域
环境效率
高质量发展
超效率模型
空间杜宾模型
the Yellow River Basin
environmental efficiency
high quality development
super efficiency model
spatial Dubin model
