摘要
通过梳理海洋生态补偿研究动态,在原有生态补偿基础理论上从海洋生态补偿的基本理论、补偿量化标准、国际经验三个角度进行文献述评。研究发现:(1)关于海洋生态补偿的基本理论研究进展较为成熟,观点较为一致。区分增益型补偿与抑损型补偿,进而确定补偿方式是国内外较为普遍的生态补偿实践。(2)海洋的流动性、立体型、自然性使得海洋生态补偿量化标准的多学科交叉十分必要。现有研究以量化生态系统服务价值标准和海洋生态损害修复标准为主。量化海洋资源代际补偿是生态补偿新兴方向,目前该研究领域较为薄弱。但现行补偿标准计量方式仍具有一定争议性,未来应建立多元化海洋生态补偿模式,改善生态补偿模型的适用性。(3)国外主要沿海国家的海洋生态治理由污染预防导向转为生态保护导向,并在管理模式进行创新。相关生态补偿和治理实践可为中国下一步经略海洋及实现海洋生态经济可持续发展提供启示。
This study reviews the research trends of marine ecological compensation from three perspectives:the basic theory of marine ecological compensation,the quantitative standard of compensation and international experience.The research findings are as follows:(1)The basic theory of marine ecological compensation has made relatively mature progress,and the viewpoints are relatively consistent.It is a common practice of ecological compensation at home and abroad to distinguish the types of marine ecological compensation,and then to determine the compensation mode.(2)The fluidity,three-dimensional and naturalness of the ocean make it necessary to cross the quantitative standards of marine ecological compensation.Current studies mainly focus on quantitative ecosystem service value standards and marine ecological damage restoration standards.Quantitative intergenerational compensation of marine resources is a new direction of ecological compensation,and the current research field is relatively weak.However,the current measurement methods of compensation standards are still controversial.In the future,we should establish a diversified marine ecological compensation model to improve the applicability of the ecological compensation model.(3)The marine ecological control of major coastal countries in foreign countries has changed from pollution prevention to ecological protection,and the management model has been innovated.Relevant practices of ecological compensation and management can provide enlightenment for China’s next economic strategy and sustainable development of marine eco-economy.
作者
许瑞恒
林欣月
姜旭朝
XU Ruiheng;LIN Xinyue;JIANG Xuzhao(School of Economics,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266000,China;Institute on Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《生态经济》
北大核心
2020年第7期147-153,共7页
Ecological Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国现代海洋经济史问题研究”(13AJL002)。
关键词
海洋生态补偿
基本理论
补偿标准
国际经验
marine ecological compensation
basic theory
compensation standard
international experience
