摘要
目的掌握全省医院感染现患情况,提供区域性的医院感染数据指标参考。方法采用横断面调查方法,床旁调查和病历调查相结合,三级综合医院及其他自愿参加调查的医院按照统一的调查方案进行调查,调查其医院感染现患情况。结果全省74所医院参与调查,共调查患者65 633例,1 122例发生医院感染,医院感染现患率为1.71%。不同规模医院的医院感染现患率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=56.282,P<0.001)。医院感染部位排行前五位的依次为下呼吸道(51.71%)、上呼吸道(14.96%)、表浅切口(7.01%)、泌尿道(6.07%)和腹腔内组织(2.99%)。共监测手术8 533例,感染人数435例,手术切口感染率5.10%,不同规模医院的手术切口感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=46.26,P<0.001)。医院感染现患率位于前五位的科室为综合ICU(12.87%)、神经外科(8.19%)、烧伤科(7.55%)、血液科(5.81%)和肿瘤科(5.81%)。抗菌药物使用率为28.30%,不同规模医院的治疗性使用抗菌药物病原学送检率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=76.20,P<0.001)。共检出医院感染病原体278株,其中医院感染病原体排行在前五位的依次是肺炎克雷伯菌54株(19.42%),金黄色葡萄球菌39株(14.03%),鲍氏不动杆菌31株(11.15%),大肠埃希菌25株(8.99%),肠杆菌属17株(6.12%)。结论此次横断面调查从多维度提供本省医院感染现患率数据,为全省有针对性地开展医院感染管理提供数据支持。
OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infections in the province so as to provide the data of regional nosocomial infections.METHODS By means of cross-sectional survey combined with bedside investigation and investigation of medical records,the unified survey was conducted in the three-A general hospitals and other hospitals that voluntarily participated in the survey,and the prevalence rates of nosocomial infection were investigated.RESULTS Totally 74 hospitals were involved in the survey,65633 patients were investigated,1122 patients had nosocomial infection,and the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.71%.There was significant difference in the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection among the different scale of hospitals(χ~2=56.282,P<0.001).The lower respiratory tract(51.71%),upper respiratory tract(14.96%),superficial incision(7.01%),urinary tract(6.07%)and intraperitoneal tissue(2.99%)ranked the top 5 nosocomial infection sites.Totally 8533 patients who underwent surgeries were monitored,435 patients had infections,the incidence rate of surgical incision infection was 5.10%,and there was significant difference in the incidence rate of surgical incision infection among the different scale of hospitals(χ~2=46.26,P<0.001).The general ICU(12.87%),neurosurgery department(8.19%),burn department(7.55%),hematology department(5.81%)and oncology department(5.81%)ranked the top 5 prevalence rates of nosocomial infections.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 28.30%,and there was significant differences in the etiological submission rate for therapeutic use of antibiotics among the different scale of hospitals(χ~2=76.20,P<0.001).A total of 278 strains of pathogens causing nosocomial infections were isolated;Klebsiella pneumoniae(54 strains,19.42%),Staphylococcus aureus(39 strains,14.03%),Acinetobacter baumannii(31 strains,11.15%),Escherichia coli(25 strains,8.99%)and Enterobacter(17 strains,6.12%)ranked the pathogens causing the nosocomial infections.CONCLUSION The cross-sectional survey provides the data of prevalence rates of nosocomial infections of the province in multiple dimensions and provides data support for targeted control of nosocomial infections.
作者
肖佳庆
林玲
任慧
李军
张馨心
XIAO Jia-qing;LIN Ling;REN Hui;LI Jun;ZHANG Xin-xin(Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China;不详)
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期1569-1573,共5页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
黑龙江省卫生计生委科研基金资助项目(2018575)。
关键词
医院感染
监测
横断面调查
现患率
Nosocomial infection
Monitoring
Cross-sectional survey
Prevalence rate
