摘要
重大突发公共卫生事件对人们的心理造成冲击,在做好新冠病毒感染防控的同时,也要做好心理疫情防控工作,谨防次生灾害发生。如何从心理上应对重大突发公共卫生事件,抗逆力科学研究具有重要的理论与实践启示价值。时程分析提示,重大突发公共卫生事件对人们心理影响的后效将持续至少3~4年的时间。事件一开始,由于人们的心理健康基础不同,便出现了明显的适应力分群。高抗逆者身上的核心心理特征为增进疫情下人们的抗逆力,实现积极、成功应对提供了心理服务工作基点。这些核心心理特征简明清单包括:接纳变化、良好的情绪调节、坚毅和乐观、计划性和行动力。围绕这些核心特征的抗逆力增进方案要充分考虑到重大突发公共卫生事件的特点,注意对幸存者、丧亲者和一线医护工作者重点进行心理援助的同时,要通过科普促自助,向广大民众提供简便易行、图文并茂的心理自助手册,开展全覆盖的社会心理服务。文章结合新冠肺炎疫情讨论了当前及疫后心理服务相关的理论模型与实践模式。
Major public health emergencies have a great impact on people’s psyche.While sparing no effort to contain the virus infection,we should pay close attention to the prevention and control of its postpandemic psychological impact as well.Chorological analysis indicates that the aftereffect of major public health emergencies on people could last for at least 3-4 years.At the beginning of the event,due to the different bases of people’s psychological health,there quickly formed several clear prototypical trajectories immediately after the outbreak.The core psychological characteristics of resilient people provide the basis for psychological service work aimed at improving resilience in and facilitating positive and successful response from people affected by the epidemic.A concise list of these core psychological characteristics includes receptiveness to change,effective emotional regulation,perseverance,optimism,efficient planning and active carrying out.The formulae for resilience enhancement based on the core characteristics should take into full account the features of major public health emergencies,pay close attention to COVID-19 survivors,the bereaved and front-line medical workers;meanwhile,it is indispensable to encourage self-help among people through popular science by providing the public with easily-accessible,illustrated self-help booklets so as to ensure a full coverage of social psychological services.Finally,related theoretical and practical issues about the current and post-pandemic psychological services are also discussed.
作者
席居哲
宋兰君
佘壮
侯湘铃
彭雅楠
李妍
左志宏
XI Ju-zhe;SONG Lan-jun;SHE Zhuang;HOU Xiang-ling;PENG Ya-nan;LI Yan;ZUO Zhi-hong
出处
《首都师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第3期11-25,共15页
Journal of Capital Normal University：Social Science Edition
基金
华东师范大学“新型冠状病毒防治”专项课题(2020ECNU-FZZX-06)
上海市浦江人才计划项目(12PJC037)
2019-2020年上海市家庭文明建设立项课题(2019JTWM-04)阶段性成果。
关键词
重大突发公共卫生事件
新冠肺炎疫情
抗逆力
心理服务
理论模型
实践模式
major public health emergencies
novel coronavirus pneumonia pandemic
COVID-19
resilience
psychological services
theoretical models
practical modes
