摘要
碘作为合成甲状腺激素的重要原料,参与机体的物质和能量代谢及促进生长和发育。当机体摄入的碘不足可引起地方性甲状腺肿、克汀病和亚克汀病、单纯性聋哑、胎儿流产、早产、死产和先天畸形等碘缺乏病,而补碘是目前预防碘缺乏病的有效方法。从1995年起,我国基本实现食盐加碘,在预防碘缺乏病方面取得显著成就的同时,发现长期过量补碘会导致甲状腺功能紊乱所引起的甲状腺疾病的发生。为此,可通过测定尿碘中位数水平,评估机体摄入的碘量,因人而异采用不同的补碘策略,调整饮食结构,精准健康的全民补碘。本文对碘的来源及体内过程、补碘对碘缺乏病的影响和摄碘过量对机体的影响进行了综述。
Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormone,which participants in the metabolism of substances and energy,and promotes the growth and development of human bodys.Iodine deficiency can cause iodine deficiency disorders,such as Endemic goiter,Cretinism,Subclinical cretinism,Simple deafness and dumbness,Fetal abortion,Premature delivery,Stillbirth and Congenital malformation,etc.Iodine supplementation is an effective way to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.Since 1995,salt iodization has been basically realized in China,and has got remarkable achievements in preventing iodine deficiency disorders.Meanwhile,it has been found that a long term excessive iodine supplementation can also cause thyroid disorders.Therefore,we can evaluate the amount of iodine taken in the body by measuring the median level of urinary iodine,adopt special iodine supplement strategies for different people,and adjust the dietary structure to achieve the accurate and healthy universal iodine supplement.This paper summarized the source of iodine and its process in vivo,the effect of iodine supplement on iodine deficiency disorders,and the effect of excessive iodine intake on the body.
作者
韩云波
唐当柱
HAN Yun-bo;TANG Dang-zhu(School of Pharmacy,Kunming Health Vocational College,Kunming Yunnan,650600,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第8期1142-1145,1149,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
碘
碘缺乏
碘过量
甲状腺疾病
全民补碘
Iodine
Iodine deficiency
Iodine excess
Thyroid disease
Universal iodine supplement
