摘要
TiFe基合金吸氢量大、放氢压力适中、成本低廉,可应用于太阳能、风电储能系统中,是一种非常具有应用潜力的室温储氢材料。但其活化性能很差,需在670 K、高氢压下活化后才能吸氢。针对如何改善TiFe合金的活化性能,国内外研究者进行了大量的研究工作。本文综述了TiFe合金的国内外研究进展,介绍了TiFe合金的相结构、氢化物相结构,TiFe储氢合金的风电储能应用研究进展;从活化特点、表面偏析、活化条件等方面对TiFe合金储氢活化的机制进行了系统归纳;从过量添加合适的Ti、过渡金属元素和稀土元素的替代或添加、制备工艺及表面改性等方面,总结了改善其活化性能的方法以及活化性能改善的机制。通过降低合金表面的致密性以促进氢原子快速进入合金表面、增加相界面或引入晶体缺陷以提高氢原子的扩散能力等,多方面策略联用来改善合金的活化性能,是未来TiFe室温储氢合金实际应用的重点研究方向。
TiFe-based alloy is a kind of room temperature hydrogen storage material with great potential because of its large hydrogen absorption capacity,moderate hydrogen release pressure and low cost,which can be used in solar energy and wind energy storage system.However,the activation performance of TiFe alloy is very poor,and it has to be activated at 630 K and high hydrogen pressure before hydrogenation.In order to improve the activation performance of TiFe alloy,a great number of research works were done by domestic and foreign researchers.In this paper,the research progress of TiFe alloy at home and abroad was reviewed.The phase structure and hydride phase structure of TiFe hydrogen storage alloy,as well as the development of wind energy storage application of the alloy were introduced.The activation mechanism of hydrogen storage in TiFe alloy was systematically summarized from the aspects of activation characteristics,surface segregation and activation conditions.The methods of improving the activation performance and the mechanism of improving the activation performance were summarized from the aspects of the substitution or addition of appropriate Ti,transition metal elements and rare earth elements,preparation process and surface modification.In order to promote the hydrogen atoms to enter the alloy surface quickly,increase the phase interface or introduce crystal defects to improve the diffusion ability of hydrogen atoms,the combination of various strategies to improve the activation performance of the alloy should be the future research focus of the practical application of TiFe room temperature hydrogen storage alloy.
作者
赵栋梁
韩忠刚
翟亭亭
袁泽明
祁焱
张羊换
Zhao Dongliang;Han Zhonggang;Zhai Tingting;Yuan Zeming;Qi Yan;Zhang Yanghuan(Department of Functional Material Research,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China;School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期337-351,共15页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51901105,51871125,51761032)
内蒙古科技大学创新基金项目(2019QDL-B11)
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019BS05005)资助。
关键词
储氢材料
TIFE合金
相结构
活化机制
hydrogen storage material
TiFe alloy
phase structure
activation mechanism
