摘要
随着上海社会经济的迅猛发展,土地资源的需求不断增大,土地利用格局的不合理变化会带来区域生态环境风险。以上海市土地利用数据为主要数据源,借助ArcGIS10.0及Fragstats4.2软件,在景观格局的基础上计算生态风险指数,由此分析生态风险空间分布特征及其时空演变规律。结果表明,土地利用结构发生较大变化,土地利用转移以耕地、水域向建设用地及林地转移为主;时间尺度上,上海市生态风险等级逐渐由以低等级为主导转化为以较低等级为主导的格局,总体生态风险呈现不断加剧趋势;空间分布上,南部大部分地区生态风险呈降低趋势,而长江入海口处及崇明北部等区域恶化趋势明显,较高生态风险区、高生态风险区集中在临海地带及浦东新区黄浦江沿岸地区;各生态风险等级中转移面积最大的是中风险降低为较低风险,主要集中在金山、奉贤、浦东南汇等。总体而言,上海市生态风险格局演变与土地利用、景观指数变化相一致,生态风险格局的波动响应于土地利用的快速变化。
With the rapid development of social economy in Shanghai,the demand for land resources is increasing.At the same time,the unreasonable change of land use also brings risks to the regional ecological environment.The ecological risk pattern was constructed based on the landscape indicators with Fragstats4.2 and ArcGIS10.0 softwares,and the spatial distribution of ecological risk as well as law of time and space evolution were investigated.The results showed that the structure of land use had changed a lot,and the land use transfer was mainly converted from cultivated land and waters to construction land and forest land.From the time scale,the ecological risk was dominated by the low level,and gradually transformed into a pattern that dominated by the medium level,and the overall ecological risk was increasing.In terms of spatial distribution,the ecological risk in most south areas was decreasing,while the ecological damage in the Yangtze River estuary and northern Chongming was obvious.Most of the high ecological risk areas were distributed in the coastal zone and areas along Huangpu River in Pudong New Area.The largest transfer area at different ecological risk levels was from middle-risk area to lower-risk area,mainly concentrated in Jinshan,Fengxian,Pudong Nanhui.In general,the evolution of ecological risk pattern is consistent with the changes of land use and landscape index,and the fluctuation of ecological risk pattern responds to the rapid changes of land use.
作者
陈燕
陈星宇
李君
邱晓敏
宋新山
王宇晖
CHEN Yan;CHEN Xing-yu;LI Jun;QIU Xiao-min;SONG Xin-shan;WANG Yu-hui(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Department of Geographical and Geological Planning,Missouri State University,Springfield 65897,America)
出处
《江苏农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期613-619,共7页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41471089)
中央高校专项科研基金项目(2232016D3-11)。
关键词
土地利用
景观指数
生态风险
时空演变
land use
landscape index
ecological risk
spatial-temporal evolution
