摘要
土壤中六价铬污染主要来源于铬化工、电镀和制革等行业。简述了我国涉铬行业概况,铬污染土壤的来源及铬特性,重点综述了国内外铬污染场地修复技术研究与应用进展,分析了各种修复方法的优缺点,并列举分析了国内外的修复工程案例。我国是铬盐生产大国,铬化工场地污染尤为严重且复杂。电镀类铬污染场地呈现铬、镍、铜、锌多重金属复合污染特点。制革类铬污染场地具有铬有机物复合污染特征。目前铬污染土壤的修复技术主要是基于六价铬的还原稳定化原理,具体包括化学还原、化学淋洗、电动力学修复以及生物修复技术等。考虑到技术适用性和经济性,目前铬污染土壤修复工程绝大部分采用化学还原的修复技术。开发经济、环境友好型修复材料,探讨其修复机理和长期安全性是未来铬污染场地修复技术的发展方向。
The contamination of hexavalent chromium in the soil mainly derives from chromium-related industries such as chromium chemical industry,electroplating,tanning and so on.This paper briefly described the general situation of chromium industry in China,as well as the source and characteristics of chromium-contaminated soil.The research and application progress of remediation technology for chromium-contaminated site at home and abroad were reviewed,including the contrastive analysis of various remediation methods.Additionally,remediation engineering cases were also listed and analysed in this paper.China has a powerful chromium salts production industry which brings about seriously pollution of chromium in soil.The electroplated chromium-contaminated site presented the characteristics of chromium-nickel-copper-zinc composite pollution.The tannery chromium contaminated site had the characteristic of combined pollution of chromium and organic compounds.At present,the remediation technology of chromium-contaminated soil was mainly based on the principle of reduction and stabilization of hexavalent chromium,including chemical reduction,chemical leaching,electrokinetic remediation,biological remediation technology and so on.Considering the technical applicability and economy,most of the chromium-contaminated soil remediation projects currently employed chemical reduction remediation technology.As for the development of chromium-contaminated site remediation technology,preparing cheap and environmentally friendly remediation materials,as well as discussing the remediation mechanism and long-term safety would be the potential research hotpots.
作者
王兴润
李磊
颜湘华
田永强
WANG Xing-run;LI Lei;YANG Xiang-hua;TIAN Yong-qiang(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1-8,23,共9页
Environmental Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“制革类、铬化工类和电镀类场地污染土壤风险管控与修复技术”(2018YFC1802200)。
关键词
铬污染场地
修复技术
研究进展
chromium contaminated site
remediation technology
research progress
