摘要
针对涉罪居间交易毒品行为的定性问题,公安司法机关通过一系列规范性文件,逐步提出了“设置判定要素、分类定性处理、控方负责证明”的基本思路和具体意见。但是,有关意见的要求不仅是毒品犯罪现状下侦控方难以完成的任务,还在刑法理论上不合理地突破了运输毒品罪、贩卖毒品罪的构成要件,并进一步在诉讼程序方面造成了证明对象和证明责任的混乱。面对国内严峻的毒情形势,对涉罪居间交易毒品行为应当采取从严的刑事司法政策,合理确定证明对象,科学设置证明责任。现阶段应当先由被告人提供合理线索,再由控方履行有关证明责任;出台新的规范性文件时,应当将有关情节的证明责任交由辩方承担;如果国内毒情形势没有明显好转,可考虑对居间交易毒品行为一律以贩卖毒品罪或运输毒品罪追究刑事责任。
In view of nature determinaion of drug-dealing behavior involved in crime,public security and judicial organs gradually put forward the basic ideas and specific opinions of“setting judgment elements,classifying determination,and prosecution’s responsibility for proof”through a series of normative documents.However,the requirement of relevant opinions is not only a difficult task for investigation and prosecution under the current situation of drug crimes,but also an unreasonable breakthrough in the constitutive elements of crime of drug transportation and drug trafficking in criminal law theory.Besides,it further causes confusion between object of proof and responsibility of proof.In the face of severe drug situation in China,strict criminal justice policies should be adopted for intermediary drug-dealing behavior involved in crime,reasonable objects of proof should be determined,and burden of proof should be scientifically established.At this stage,the defendant should first provide reasonable clues,and then the prosecution performs burden of proof.When a new normative document is issued,the burden of proof concerning the circumstances should be handed over to the defense.If there is no significant improvement in the domestic drug situation,it may be considered that all intermediary drug-dealing behaviors are investigated for criminal responsibility under crime of drug trafficking or crime of drug transportation.
作者
李崇涛
LI Chongtao(School of Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120)
出处
《山东警察学院学报》
2020年第3期55-67,共13页
Journal of Shandong Police College
基金
四川省人民检察院检察理论研究课题“涉罪居间交易毒品行为的定性与证明”(项目编号:CJ2017C04)的最终成果。
关键词
居间交易毒品
代购
居间介绍
证明责任
intermediary drug-dealing
buying agent
intermediary introduction
burden of proof
