摘要
外泌体是由细胞分泌的一种纳米级胞外囊泡,含有核酸、蛋白、脂质等多种活性物质。作为一种信号传递分子,外泌体可将含有生物信息的内容物传送到靶细胞使其发挥特定作用。不同来源的外泌体其组成和功能存在一定差异。目前,乳源外泌体在人体生长发育过程中的生理功能已成为研究热点,其在婴幼儿肠道发育、先天免疫以及预防炎症等方面已被证明具有益生元的功效。我国有关外泌体的研究刚刚起步,故本文对乳源外泌体的形成途径、组成特征以及功能特性进行综述,以期为乳源外泌体这一新型益生元的研究与开发提供参考。
Exosomes, a nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, contain various bioactive substances such as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. As signaling molecules, exosomes can transmit contents carrying biological information to target cells, thereby exerting its specific action. There are some differences in the compositions and functions of exosomes from different sources. The physiological functions of milk-derived exosomes in human growth and development have recently become a research hotspot. Exosomes have been documented to have prebiotic effects on infant intestinal development, innate immunity, and the prevention of inflammation. In China, the study on exosomes is still in its infancy. In this article, the formation pathways, composition and functional characteristics of milk-derived exosomes are reviewed. It is expected to provide a reference for the research and development of milk-derived exosomes as a novel prebiotic agent.
作者
仝令君
郝海宁
张兰威
易华西
TONG Lingjun;HAO Haining;ZHANG Lanwei;YI Huaxi(College of Food Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第13期310-317,共8页
Food Science
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFC1604305-3
2018YFC1604302)。
关键词
乳源外泌体
组成
功能特性
milk-derived exosomes
composition
functional characteristics
