摘要
为提高旱薄地花生产量,缓解粮油争地矛盾,通过盆栽试验研究了保水剂施用对花生生长发育及氮素积累的影响,明确了保水剂的最佳施用量。研究发现,保水剂可长效保持土壤较为适宜的含水量,提高叶片功能,促进花生生长发育、提高产量、改善品质。其中保水剂用量45~60kg/hm2效果最佳,与对照相比,施用40d后土壤含水量提高94.32%,收获期叶面积增加19.27%,叶片净光合速率提高45.49%,籽仁含氮量提高52.97%,单株结果数增加27.51%,单株生产力提高34.45%。施用保水剂,能克服旱薄地花生供水不足、长势弱、产量低及品质差等问题,有利于提高结果数和单株生产力,为旱薄地花生高产打下基础。
In order to increase peanut yield in barren dryland and alleviate the land competition between grain and oil crops,the effects of water-retaining agent on growth and nitrogen accumulation of peanut were studied through pot experiment,and the optimal dosage of water-retaining agent was determined.It was found that the water-retaining agent could keep the appropriate water amount of soil for long period,improve the leaf function,promote the growth of overground and underground of peanut,and so as to improve the yield and quality of peanut.The results showed that the optimal applying dosage of water-retaining agent was 45~60 kg/ha.After 40 days of application,soil moisture content increased by 94.32%,leaf area increased by 19.27%,leaf net photosynthetic rate increased by 45.49%,seed nitrogen content increased by 52.97%,number of pods per plant increased by 27.51%,and productivity per plant increased by 34.45%,compared with the control.It was indicated that the application of water-retaining agent could alleviate the problems of insufficient water supply,weak growth,low yield and poor quality of peanut in barren dryland,which was beneficial to increase the number of pods and the productivity per plant and laid a foundation for achieving high yield of peanut in barren dryland.
作者
张俊
郝西
朱亚娟
臧秀旺
刘娟
张佳蕾
张曼
崔亚男
汤丰收
董文召
ZHANG Jun;HAO Xi;ZHU Ya-juan;ZANG Xiu-wang;LIU Juan;ZHANG Jia-lei;ZHANG Man;CUI Ya-nan;TANG Feng-shou;DONG Wen-zhao(Industrial Crops Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhumadian 463000,China;Biotechnology Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2020年第2期43-48,共6页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
国家重点研发计划“大豆及花生化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”项目(2018YFD0201008)
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13)
河南省现代农业产业技术体系(S2012-5)
河南省重大科技专项(161100111000)。
关键词
保水剂
花生
发育
氮素积累
water retaining agent
peanut
development
nitrogen accumulation
