摘要
合成生物学是生物学与工程学、化学、计算机科学等学科交叉融合的一门新兴学科,在能源、生物医药、农业和化学等领域有着巨大的发展潜力和良好的应用前景。然而,与此同时,其研究与创新也面临着一定的风险与伦理挑战。文章追溯了"负责任(研究与)创新"的理论渊源,指出了"负责任创新"对责任伦理的积极拓展和对技术评估与技术伦理、法律与社会影响研究的升华。在分析了合成生物学"负责任创新"的必要性和紧迫性的基础上,建议从加快生物安全立法、风险与伦理评估、责任教育与监管、公众对话与参与、跨学科协同和全球治理6个方面,建立健全我国合成生物学"负责任创新"的体制机制,推进国家科技创新治理体系和治理能力的现代化。
Synthetic biology is a novel discipline combining biology with engineering,chemistry,computer science,etc.,which has great development potential and promising application prospect in the fields of energy,biomedicine,agriculture and chemistry,etc.However,the research and innovation of synthetic biology are faced with risks and ethical challenges.This study traces the theoretical origin of“responsible(research and)innovation”,and points out that“responsible innovation”will actively expand the responsibility ethics and sublimate technology evaluation and technology ethical,legal,and social implications/issues(ELSI)research.Based on the analysis of necessity and urgency of“responsible innovation”in synthetic biology,this study suggests to establish and improve the institution and mechanism of“responsible innovation”in synthetic biology and promote the modernization of the national regulation system and capacity of scientific innovation in China from the following six aspects,namely,speeding up the legislation of biosafety,risk and ethics assessment,responsibility education and regulation,public dialogue and participation,interdisciplinary collaboration and global governance.
作者
马诗雯
王国豫
MA Shiwen;WANG Guoyu(Department of Philosophy,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Philosophy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Center for Biomedical Ethics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期751-762,共12页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0910100)
国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD117)
国家自然科学基金委员会应急管理项目(71843009)。
关键词
合成生物学
负责任创新
责任
风险
synthetic biology
responsible innovation
responsibility
risk
