摘要
目的建立一种模拟气管软化症的比格犬实验动物模型。方法选取体重12~15 kg的12~18月龄健康雄性比格犬6只,麻醉后取仰卧位,切开颈部皮肤,游离气管。将软骨环与气管壁分离,连续剥除6个软骨环,检查黏膜破损情况,逐层缝合伤口,完成手术。拟通过剥除不同范围的软骨环来模拟不同严重程度气管软化症。将比格犬分为两组,每组3只:轻度气管软化(mild tracheomalacia,MTM)组在软骨环两侧靠近气管膜部部分,保留部分软骨;重度气管软化(severe tracheomalacia,STM)组尽可能剥除所有软骨。结果MTM组在拔除气管插管后,动物出现喘息和咳嗽症状,但可存活,2周后处死动物,取标本行病理检查;STM组在拔除气管插管后实验动物出现严重的窒息情况,术后1 h内死亡。术后气管镜显示:MTM组犬在吸气状态下气管塌陷,但可保持一定的通畅度;STM组气管在吸气状态下完全塌陷。术后侧位X线片显示:MTM组软骨环剥离段气道直径减小,未完全塌陷;STM组软骨剥离段气管完全塌陷。病理标本显示:MTM组软骨环部分切除,有软骨残留,软骨环剥除段气管软化明显,STM组软骨环大部分被剥除,仅残留少量软骨。结论通过控制剥除犬气管软骨环的范围,能够模拟临床不同程度的气管软化症状,建立可重复的动物模型。该方法为气管软化症的治疗和转化研究提供了一种简单、易重复、标准化的大动物模型。
Objective To establish a model of tracheomalacia in beagle dogs.Methods Six healthy male beagles were selected with a weight of 12-15 kg and age of 12-18 months.The dog was placed in supine position after being anesthetized.Then midline incision was performed on dogs’cervical skin and main trachea was dissected.Six continuous cartilage rings separated from the tracheal wall were removed.Finally,the endotracheal mucosal was examined and the wound was sutured layer by layer.Different degrees of cartilage were removed to simulate different degrees of tracheomalacia.The beagle dogs were classified into two groups(n=3 in each group):a mild tracheomalacia(MTM)group(part of the cartilage near the trachea membrane was retained)and a severe tracheomalacia(STM)group(cartilage was removed as much as possible).Results The dogs in the MTM group survived for a long time after the operation,showing symptoms of airway stenosis such as wheezing and coughing.The dogs were killed at postoperative week 2,and the pathological examination was performed.In the STM group,severe asphyxia occurred in the experimental animals after tracheal intubation removed,and all dogs died within 1 hour after surgery.Postoperative bronchoscopy revealed that the trachea of the MTM group dogs collapsed in the phase of inhalation,but it could maintain a certain patency.The trachea of the STM group dogs collapsed completely in the phase of inhalation.Postoperative X-ray showed that the diameter of the airway in the MTM group was reduced and trachea did not completely collapse.In the STM group,the trachea collapsed completely at the cartilage removed segment.Pathological examination showed that the cartilage in the MTM group was partially removed and tracheomalacia was obvious in the cartilage removed segment.In the STM group,most of the cartilage was removed with only few cartilages left.Conclusion The clinical symptoms of tracheomalacia in different degrees can be simulated and repeatable.Animal models can be established by controlling the degree of removal of tracheal cartilage ring in dogs.This method provides a simple,repeatable and standardized large animal model for the treatment and transformation of tracheomalacia.
作者
刘文豪
郑开福
王磊
张豪
冀晋杰
李小飞
赵晋波
LIU Wenhao;ZHENG Kaifu;WANG Lei;ZHANG Hao;JI Jinjie;LI Xiaofei;ZHAO Jinbo(Department of Thoracic Surgery,Tangdu Hospital,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an,710032,P.R.China;Department of Anesthesiology,Tangdu Hospital,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an,710032,P.R.China)
出处
《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第7期824-829,共6页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
基金
陕西省创新人才推进计划-青年科技新星项目(2018KJXX-051)
唐都医院尖子人才资助基金(2018)
唐都医院创新发展基金(2018QYTS003)。
关键词
气管软化症
动物模型
气管软骨剥除
Tracheomalacia
animal model
trachea cartilage removal
