摘要
为研究不同浓度杜仲皮水提物对虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss生长、肌肉营养成分、肠道组织学及菌群多样性的影响,以体质量为(145.56±4.12)g的虹鳟幼鱼为研究对象,试验设5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾,在虹鳟基础饲料中分别添加浓度为0(对照组)、0.5%、1%、2%、4%的杜仲皮水提物,养殖周期为10周。结果表明:各试验组终末体质量、特定生长率均无显著性差异(P>0.05);各添加组肌肉粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中,4%添加组粗脂肪含量最高且显著高于其他组(P<0.05),各试验组肌肉粗蛋白质含量无显著差异(P>0.05);各试验组肠道皱襞、固有膜及肌层结构完整,其中,0.5%、1%和2%添加组杯状细胞数量增多,但对照组、4%组杯状细胞数量未见变化;2%、4%添加组Simpson指数显著高于0.5%、1%添加组(P<0.05),但与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05),1%添加组Shannon指数显著高于2%、4%添加组(P<0.05),但与对照组、0.5%组无显著性差异(P>0.05);在门水平上,肠道优势菌群为软壁菌门Tenericutes、厚壁菌门Firmicutes、梭杆菌门Fusobacteria、变形杆菌门Proteobacteria;与对照组相比,有害菌群中2%添加组肠道物种丰度下降最为明显,4%组除布鲁氏菌科Brucellaceae、鞘脂单胞菌科Sphingomonadaceae、苍白杆菌属Ochrobactrum物种丰度显著升高外,其余均显著降低(P<0.05),有益菌群中4%添加组肠道慢生根瘤菌科Bradyrhizobiaceae、丛毛单胞菌科Comamonadaceae物种丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,在虹鳟饲料中添加4%杜仲皮水提物能较好地改善肠道菌群结构。
Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss with average body weight of(145.56±4.12)g were reared in 15 net cages of each 1.0 m×1.0 m×1.2 m disposed in 3 outdoor flowing water ponds at a density of 30 individuals per cage and fed basal diets supplemented with aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark at concentrations of 0(group A,control group),0.5%(group B),1%(group C),2%(group D)and 4%(group E)with 3 replicates per group at water temperature of 12.8-14.1℃for 10 weeks to investigate the effects of different concentrations of the bark aqueous extract on growth,muscle nutrient composition,intestinal histology and microbiota diversity in rainbow trout.The results showed that there was significantly higher muscular fat content in the rainbow trout fed diets containing aqueous extract of the bark than that in the fish fed the basal diet,the maximum in group E and significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05),without significant difference in the final body weight,specific growth rate and muscular protein content among all groups(P>0.05).The complete intestinal mucosal fold,tunica propria and muscularis structures were observed among the rainbow trout in all groups,with increase in the number of goblet cells in groups B,C and D,and decrease in the number of goblet cells in the control group and group E(P>0.05).There was significantly higher Simpson index in the rainbow trout in group D and group E than that in the groups B and C(P<0.05),without significant differences compared with the control group(P>0.05).There was significant higher Shannon index in the rainbow trout in group C than that in groups D and E(P<0.05),without significant differences compared with the control group and group B(P>0.05).Tenericutes,Firmicutes,Fusobacteria,and Proteobacteria were of the dominant bacterial communities at the phylum level,with decrease in the abundances of harmful bacterial communities compared with the control group,especially in group D.In the 4%group,the abundances of most bacterial communities were significantly decreased(P<0.05),in particular,the abundances of beneficial bacterial members in Bradyrhizobiaceae and Comamonadaceae compared with the control group(P<0.05),excepted for the species in Brucellaceae,Sphingomonadaceae and Ochrobactrum.In conclusion,it is recommend that 4%aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark be supplemented with diet to improve the intestinal microbiota structure in rainbow trout.
作者
李礼
姜海波
姜志强
黎明
文明
姚丽
王常安
邵俭
袁国尚
LI Li;JIANG Haibo;JIANG Zhiqiang;LI Ming;WEN Ming;YAO Li;WANG Chang'an;SHAO Jian;YUAN Guoshang(College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;Special Fisheries Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, Guiyang 550025, China;Guizhou Research Center of Animal Biologics Engineering Technology, Guiyang 550025, China;Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期481-490,共10页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2502号,[2016]2511号,[2017]2532号)
贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5253号)
高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室(贵州大学)开放基金(GYSD-K-2018-04)
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-46)
贵州大学“本科教学工程”建设项目(JG201711)。
关键词
虹鳟
杜仲
生长性能
肠道菌群
16S
rRNA基因
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver
growth performance
intestinal microbiota
16S rRNA gene
