摘要
我国民事立法中存在大量非规范性条款,《民法典》继续延续了这一传统。非规范性条款的识别标准是规范性格的缺失,既不具有行为指引和裁判依据的功能,也不具备不完全法条的辅助性功能。《民法典》中非规范性条款可类型化为:宣示性条款、立法目的条款、纯粹道德性条款、学理性条款。《民法典》中非规范性条款产生的原因在于立法者对民法定位的偏差、立法进化理性主义和立法建构理性主义的混同、民事立法成本收益分析制度缺失、民事理论研究水平有待提升、对潘德克顿法学的过分痴迷、混同法律规范和道德规范的界限。《民法典》未来应正确定位民法的裁判法属性排除宣示性条款,正确定位民法的调整规范属性排除目的性条款,正确定位民法的行为法属性排除纯粹道德性条款,正确控制民法解释性条款的数量排除纯学理性条款。
A large number of non-normative clauses exist in Civil legislation in China.The Civil Code continues this tradition.The identification standard is the absence of normative character.It has neither the function of behavior guidance and judgement basis,nor the auxiliary function of incomplete laws and regulations.Non-normative clauses in civil legislation are divided into declarative clauses,legislative purpose clauses,conscience clauses and academic rational clauses.The reasons for the non-normative clauses in civil legislation are that the role of civil law norms is biased,Legislative Construction Rationalism and Legislative Evolution Rationalism are confused,the cost benefit of legislation analysis system in civil law is missing,the level of civil theory research is low,the fascination and worship of Pandecten jurisprudence is excessive and the boundaries between legal norms and moral norms are blurred.The codification of the Civil Code in the future should correctly position the referee attribute of the civil law excluding declarative clauses,correctly position adjustment normative attribute of civil law excluding legislative purpose clauses,correctly position the private law attribute of civil law excluding public law repetitive clauses,correctly position the behavioral law attribute of civil law excluding conscience clauses and correctly control the number of interpretative provisions of civil law excluding academic rational clauses.
作者
李岩
LI Yan(School of Law, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China)
出处
《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期82-87,96,共7页
Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)
基金
司法部国家法治与法学理论研究课题资助项目(16SFB3031)
国家社会科学基金资助项目(16BFX110)。
关键词
《民法典》
非规范性条款
规范性条款
宣示性条款
立法目的条款
学理性条款
道德性条款
The Civil Code
non-normative clause
normative clause
declarative clause
legislative purpose clause
academic rational clause
conscience clause
