摘要
目的探讨高铅暴露对儿童齿铅水平及其健康影响。方法分别选取高铅暴露区(铅锌矿区某冶炼厂区)和远离高铅暴露区儿童分别作为观察组和对照组,采用问卷调查、体格检查(包括钙含量、是否脱发、是否贫血和是否易患感冒)和智商测定(VIQ、PIQ及FIQ)的方法调查分析高铅暴露对儿童齿铅水平、体格发育,以及智商的影响。结果观察组儿童齿铅含量、脱发和贫血阳性率分别是(60.8±15.3)μg/g、48.73%和47.2%,均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。VIQ、PIQ及FIQ得分均比对照组低(P<0.05)。结论生活在高铅暴露区的儿童智力和生长发育均受到铅暴露的严重影响。
Objective To explore the effect of high lead exposure(HLE)on children’s health and their teeth lead level.Methods Children who lived in a HLE area(a smelting site in a lead and zinc mining area)and those who lived far away from the HLE area were enrolled into observation group and control group,respectively.The effects of HLE on the lead level in teeth,physical development,and intelligence quotient(IQ)were investigated using questionnaire survey,physical examinations(including calcium level,presence or absence of hair loss and anemia,and susceptibility to colds),and IQ tests(verbal intelligence quotient[VIQ],performance intelligence quotient[PIQ],and ful-scale intelligence quotient[FIQ]).Results The positive rates of lead level in teeth,alopecia,and anemia in the observation group were(60.8±15.3)μg/g,48.73%,and 47.2%,respectively,all of which were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The VIQ,PIQ,and FIQ scores were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The intelligence and growth and development of children in HLE areas are severely affected by lead exposure.
作者
李子夏
周芳
LI Zixia;ZHOU Fang
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2020年第2期170-173,共4页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
基金
陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究计划项目(2020JQ-875)
西安医学院国家自然基金培育项目(2017GJFY17)。
关键词
铅暴露
儿童
牙齿铅含量
健康影响
lead exposure
children
lead level in teeth
effect on health
