摘要
为揭示砒砂岩区主要造林树种枯落物持水性能及林下土壤物理性质变化特征,以位于黄土高原北部准格尔旗砒砂岩区6种林分类型为研究对象,运用浸泡法和烘干法,对林下枯落物、土壤(0—50 cm)的持水性能及物理性质进行研究。结果表明:(1)砒砂岩区6种林分类型林下枯落物厚度范围为0.73~2.77 cm,总蓄积量范围为1.47~7.93 t/hm2。枯落物层厚度、总蓄积量大小依次为油松、侧柏、沙棘、柠条锦鸡儿、山杏和撂荒地。枯落物未分解层厚度及其蓄积量均明显大于半分解层。(2)林下枯落物最大持水率范围为149.48%~267.32%,枯落物最大持水率与有效拦蓄量大小顺序一致,为撂荒地<柠条锦鸡儿<沙棘<山杏<侧柏<油松;枯落物最大持水量和有效拦蓄量均呈现出未分解层高于半分解层。(3)林下枯落物层在浸泡0.5 h吸水速率最快,浸泡1 h持水量增加迅速,浸泡8 h吸水速率和持水量增量趋近于0。(4)林下土壤容重低于撂荒地;总孔隙度范围为44.36%~32.57%,最大持水量范围为8.89~17.43 mm,均呈现油松林下最大,山杏林下最小。(5)林下枯落物蓄积量与土壤容重呈负相关关系,与土壤孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度分别呈正相关关系。油松林、侧柏林地具有显著的保持水土能力。研究成果为开展砒砂岩区水土流失综合整治和生态修复提供了参考依据。
In order to reveal the relationship between the litter water-holding capacity of the main afforestation species and the soil physical properties under the forest in sandstone area,the water holding capacity of the litter layer under 6 forest types and the physical properties of the soil layer and the water holding capacity of the 0—50 cm soil layer in Jungar Banner sandstone area were investigated.The results showed:(1)The thickness of litter layer under 6 forest types in the sandstone area varied from 0.73 to 2.77 cm and the total volume varied from 1.47 to 7.93 t/hm2.The total litter volume of different tree species was consistent with thickness in the order of Pinus tabulaeformis>Platycladus orientalis>Hippophae rhamnoides>Caragana korshinskii>Prunus sibirica>Abandoned land.It was found that the thickness of semi-decomposed layer of litter and its accumulation were significantly less than those of undecomposed layers by comparing the two layers of 6 types of forest stand litter.(2)The order of the maximum water holding ratio was Abandoned land<C.korshinskii<H.rhamnoides<P.sibirica<P.orientalis<P.tabulaeformis,among which the maximum water holding capacity of litter under P.tabulaeformis reached 267.32%,and the maximum water holding capacity in abandoned land was the smallest,and the minimum was about 149.48%.The maximum water holding capacity of the 6 forest stands was in the same order as the effective litter storage quantity,which was P.tabulaeformis>P.orientalis>P.sibirica>H.rhamnoides>C.korshinskii>Abandoned land.The effective interception volume of the undecomposed litter was greater than the semi-decomposition layer.(3)It was found that the water holding capacity,water absorption rate,and soaking time of the undecomposed layer and semi-decomposition layer displayed the logarithmic relationship of Q=kln t+b and the V=ktn.(4)The soil bulk density of the 6 forest types showed little change.The total porosity changed in the order of P.tabulaeformis forest>H.rhamnoides forest>P.orientalis>C.korshinskii>Abandoned land>P.sibirica.The non-mathematical porosity was in the order of H.rhamnoides>P.orientalis>P.tabulaeformis>P.sibirica>abandoned land>C.korshinskii.The maximum water holding capacity was 17.43 mm in P.tabulaeformis forest.The minimum water holding capacity was 8.89 mm in P.sibirica forest.The order of the water holding capacity of the non-capillary followed the order of non-mathematical porosity of 6 forest stands.
作者
吴晓光
刘龙
张宏飞
孙林
闫旭东
董晓宇
姚云峰
WU Xiaoguang;LIU Long;ZHANG Hongfei;SUN Lin;YAN Xudong;DONG Xiaoyu;YAO Yunfeng(College of Desert Control Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011;The Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Hohhot 010020;Inner Mongolia Land Surveying and Planning Institute, Hohhot 010010;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Hohhot 010030)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期137-144,共8页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG010)
内蒙古自治区自然资源厅综合类项目。
关键词
砒砂岩区
林分类型
枯落物
持水性能
土壤物理性质
sandstone area
stand type
litter
water-holding ability
physical characteristics of soil
