摘要
Colloidal crystals are periodically ordered arrays of monodisperse colloidal particles which represent a new class of self-assembled materials showing potential applications in many fields.Two-dimensional graphic nanostructures based on colloidal crystals have inherent periodicity from tens of nanometers to several micrometers,which gives them rich and interesting optical properties.This article presents a comprehensive review about the current research activities on the self-assembly of colloidal spheres which is an effective strategy for fabrication of various hierarchical and ordered nanostructures,with particular attention paid to the unique properties and applications of the colloidal crystal-based nanostructures.Three main aspects are elaborated:a)controllable self-assembly of colloidal crystals;b)the functions of the obtained colloidal spheres acting as the patterned mask for successive construction of numerous nanostructures;c)the novel properties and promising optical applications of the patterned nanostructures in various domains,such as plasmonic-related fields,antireflection,photonic crystals,photocatalysis and electronic devices.After that,the current challenges and future perspectives in this area are provided.This review aims to inspire more ingenious designs and exciting research for manufacturing nanostructures utilizing colloidal self-assembly.
胶体晶体是由单分散胶体颗粒周期性有序排列而成的一类新型自组装材料,在许多领域都具有非常广泛的应用.基于胶体晶体自组装的微纳结构具有从几十纳米到几微米可调控的固有周期性,这赋予了它们独特的光学性质.本文主要介绍了近年来胶体球自组装技术制备周期性图案及其在光学应用方面的研究进展,具体包括:(a)胶体晶体的可控自组装;(b)通过自组装所获得的胶体球充当掩模板,构造更多新颖的功能纳米结构;(c)图案化纳米结构在等离激元、抗反射、光子晶体、光催化、电子器件等光学领域的新特性及应用前景.最后,对此领域当前的挑战和未来的前景进行了展望.本文旨在通过胶体自组装技术设计更巧妙的周期结构和探索更广泛的应用.
作者
Jing Liu
Xingang Zhang
Wenqing Li
Changzhong Jiang
Ziyu Wang
Xiangheng Xiao
刘静;张新刚;李文庆;蒋昌忠;王自昱;肖湘衡(School of Physics and Technology,Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education,Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Institute of Technological Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Application,Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control,School of Physics and Electronics,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Su Zhou Institute of Wuhan University,Suzhou 215123,China)
基金
the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0703700)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11722543,U1867215,11875211 and U1932134)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042019kf0312)
Suzhou Key Industrial Technology Innovation Project(SYG201828)
Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019CFA036)。
