摘要
目的探讨基于奥马哈系统的预见性护理干预在重型颅脑损伤(SHI)鼻饲患者中的应用效果。方法选择深圳市宝安区福永人民医院重症医学科(ICU)于2017年1月至2020年2月期间收治的118例SHI患者为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组59例,两组患者均置入鼻肠管行肠内营养支持治疗。对照组患者给予常规护理干预,观察组患者在对照组的基础上应用基于奥马哈系统的预见性护理干预,比较两组患者干预前及干预14 d后的血浆白蛋白水平以及微型营养评定量表(MNA)评分,记录鼻饲相关并发症发生情况。结果干预前,两组患者的血浆白蛋白及MNA评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者的血浆白蛋白及MNA评分分别为(32.84±3.48)g/L、(20.94±2.36)分,明显高于对照组的(28.95±4.02)g/L、(18.28±1.85)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的呕吐、腹泻、吸入性肺炎、堵管和胃潴留发生率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重型颅脑损伤鼻饲患者应用基于奥马哈系统的预见性护理干预,可以有效减少鼻饲相关并发症的发生风险,改善患者的营养状态。
Objective To explore the effect of predictive nursing intervention based on Omaha System in patients with severe craniocerebral injury(SHI)and nasal feeding.Methods A total of 118 patients with SHI admitted in ICU,Shenzhen Bao'an District Fuyong People's Hospital from January 2017 to February 2020 were selected as the research objects.According to the method of random number table,the patients were divided into observation group and control group,with 59 patients in each group.Nasointestinal tube was placed in both groups for enteral nutrition support.The control group was given routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given predictive nursing intervention based on Omaha System.The plasma albumin and mini-nutritional assessment(MNA)score before and 14 days after the intervention were compared,and the complications related to nasogastric feeding were recorded.Results Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in albumin levels and MNA scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after the intervention,the serum albumin level and MNA score in the observation group were(32.84±3.48)g/L,(20.94±2.36)points,which were significantly higher than(28.95±4.02)g/L,(18.28±1.85)points in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of vomiting,diarrhea,aspiration pneumonia,blockage and gastric retention in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Predictive nursing intervention based on Omaha System can effectively reduce the risk of complications related to nasal feeding and improve the nutritional status of patients with severe craniocerebral injury.
作者
郑纯翠
马国祥
陈银娟
ZHENG Chun-cui;MA Guo-xiang;CHEN Yin-juan(Intensive Care Unit(ICU),Shenzhen Bao'an District Fuyong People's Hospital,Shenzhen 518103,Guangdong,CHINA;Department of Nursing,Shenzhen Bao'an District Fuyong People's Hospital,Shenzhen 518103,Guangdong,CHINA)
出处
《海南医学》
CAS
2020年第15期2038-2040,共3页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
广东省深圳市宝安区科技计划社会公益项目(编号:2013134)。
关键词
重型颅脑损伤
预见性护理
奥马哈系统
鼻饲
肠内营养
营养状态
Severe craniocerebral injury
Predictive nursing
Omaha System
Nasal feeding
Enteral nutrition
Nutritional status
