摘要
目的分析烟台市2006~2018年新发尘肺病病例发病与分布情况,为控制尘肺病提供依据。方法收集2006~2018年烟台市新发尘肺病病例资料并进行数据统计分析。结果2006~2018年烟台市尘肺病中新发病例为3862例,其中Ⅰ期病例3428例(88.8%),Ⅱ期病例330例(8.5%),Ⅲ期病例104例(2.7%),以2018年新发病病例最高为459例(11.89%),2016年尘肺病新发病最低为171例(4.43%),病种主要以矽肺为主,3438例(89.0%)。尘肺病病例诊断年龄为(53.21±9.26)岁,主要集中在45~54岁,占40.1%(1550例);接尘工龄主要是集中在10~29年,占69.6%(2689例);性别主要是男性,占98.0%(3786例),不同期别的尘肺接尘工龄比较差异有统计学意义(F=52.742,P<0.001),但诊断年龄比较差异无统计学意义(F=1.824,P=0.162)。工种分布主要集中在运搬工与凿岩工,分别有1136例(29.4%)与1068例(27.7%)。行业分布主要集中在有色金属矿采选业(1414例,36.6%)和金矿采选(575例,14.9%)。企业规模分布,集中在大型企业1914例(49.6%)与中型企业1270例(32.9%);企业经济分布,主要集中在国有经济、集体经济,分别占53.0%(2046例)、34.4%(1330例)。结论烟台市尘肺病新发病例较多,需加强尘肺病防治工作,特别是对于高发行业、重点工种、重点企业以及重点人群需严格加强监督,并制订合适的防治措施,从而控制烟台市尘肺病发病情况,促进人们身体健康。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of new cases of pneumoconiosis in Yantai city from 2006 to 2018 for providing evidence for pneumoconiosis control.Methods The data of new cases of pneumoconiosis in Yantai city from 2006 to 2018 were collected and statistically analyzed.Results From 2006 to 2018,there were 3862 new cases of pneumoconiosis in Yantai city,including 3428 cases in the first stage(88.8%),330 cases in the second stage(8.5%),104 cases in the third stage(2.7%).The highest number of new cases was 459(11.89%)in 2018,and the lowest number was 171(4.43%)in 2016.The main diseases were silicosis with 3438 cases(89.0%).The average age of diagnosis of pneumoconiosis was(53.21±9.26)years,mainly between 45 and 54 years old,accounting for 40.1%(1550 cases).The age of exposure to dust was mainly between 10 and 29 years,accounting for 69.6%(2689 cases);the gender was mainly male,accounting for 98.0%(3786 cases).There was significant difference in the age of exposure to dust in different stages(F=52.742,P<0.001),but there was no statistical difference in the age of diagnosis(F=1.824,P=0.162).The distribution of the types of work was mainly concentrated in the transport workers and rock drillers,with 1136 cases(29.4%)and 1068 cases(27.7%)respectively.The industrial distribution is mainly concentrated in non-ferrous metal mining and beneficiation(1414 cases,accounting for 36.6%)and gold mining and beneficiation(575 cases,accounting for 14.9%).The distribution of enterprise scale was concentrated in large-scale enterprises(1914,49.6%)and medium-sized enterprises(1270,32.9%);the distribution of enterprise economy was mainly concentrated in state-owned economy and collective economy,accounting for 53.0%(2046)and 34.4%(1330),respectively.Conclusions There are many new cases of pneumoconiosis in Yantai.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis,especially for high-incidence industries,key industries,key enterprises and key populations.Strictly strengthen supervision and develop appropriate control measures are carried out to control the incidence of pneumoconiosis conditions to promote people′s health.
作者
包相华
Bao Xianghua(Department of Occupational Disease,Yantai Mountain Hospital of Yantai,Yantai 264025,China)
出处
《国际呼吸杂志》
2020年第14期1084-1089,共6页
International Journal of Respiration
关键词
矽肺
尘肺病
流行特征
烟台市
Silicosis
Pneumoconiosis
Epidemic characteristics
Yantai
