摘要
目的探讨小儿呼吸道传染病特点与防治措施。方法选取2018年1月—2020年1月收治的小儿呼吸道传染病患者249例,所有患儿均符合呼吸道传染病诊断标准,对249例患儿的临床症状进行统计分析,对小儿呼吸道传染病性别与季节分布情况以及具体类型分布情况进行具体分析。结果女性患儿以及男性患儿不同季节呼吸道传染病发病率、疾病类型分布对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);小儿呼吸道传染疾病好发于春季以及冬季,发病率占比为48.19%、40.16%;小儿呼吸道传染疾病中,其中以流行性感冒占比69.88%最高,其次为麻疹占比10.44%;风疹占比5.62%、腮腺炎占比5.22%、水痘占比8.84%。结论春季以及冬季是小儿呼吸道传染病的高发季节,以流行性感冒较为多见,针对此,应在冬季以及春季做好预防措施,一旦确诊后应立即采取对症治疗,保护易感人群,切断传播途径,控制小儿呼吸道感染的传播。
Objective To explore the characteristics and prevention measures of respiratory infectious diseases in children.Methods 249 children with respiratory infectious diseases admitted from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected.All children met the diagnostic criteria for respiratory infectious diseases.The clinical symptoms of 249 children were statistically analyzed.The gender,seasonal distribution and specific types of distribution of respiratory infectious diseases in children were specifically analyzed.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence and distribution of respiratory infectious diseases between female and male children in different seasons(P>0.05).Respiratory tract infectious diseases in children mainly occur in spring and winter,and the incidence rate were 48.19% and 40.16%.Among the respiratory infectious diseases in children,influenza accounted for 69.88%,followed by measles for 10.44%.Rubella accounted for 5.62%,mumps for 5.22%,chickenpox for 8.84%.Conclusion Spring and winter are the seasons with high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases in children.Influenza is more common.Therefore,preventive measures should be taken in winter and spring.Once confirmed,symptomatic treatment should be taken immediately to protect susceptible population,cut off the transmission route and control the transmission of respiratory infection in children.
作者
刘志敏
杜剑跃
LIU Zhimin;DU Jianyue(Department of Prevention and Protection,Fenggang Hospital of Dongguan,Dongguan Guangdong 523695,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2020年第14期9-11,共3页
China Health Standard Management
关键词
小儿呼吸道传染病
传染病
特点
防治措施
季节分布
流行性感冒
respiratory infectious diseases in children
infectious diseases
characteristics
prevention and control measures
seasonal distribution
influenza
