摘要
为提高船舶在受限水域调头、转向和避让会遇船舶时的安全性,有必要对船舶旋转角速度的加速、稳定和减速过程进行量化。根据流体力学和旋转力学原理,运用数学推理和运算的方法得出船舶在受到恒定的动力矩的作用时,其旋转角速度与时间的函数关系;推导出旋转角速度加速和减速过程的函数表达式,以及旋转角速度衰减1/2所需的时间和船舶旋转的角度。研究所得结论可指导操船者量化船舶旋转的角速度,船舶以某一旋转角速度旋转时,撤除动力矩之后,艏向稳定的新航向,以及船舶在主机舵机船电失灵等应急情况下,在狭窄水域避让会遇船舶和居间障碍物时所采取的最大旋转角速度等。
It is necessary to quantify the process of the ROT(Rate of Turn)to ensure the navigation safety of special operations in the limited water area.The equation of ROT vs.time under the action of a constant dynamic moment is derived according to the hydrodynamics and rotational mechanics.The equations to reflect the process of acceleration/deceleration of ROT,the time required for ROT to decrease to its half and the heading change of the ship during the period are also derived.They give a clear and quantified view of ship’s ROT,with which a navigator can,for instance,predict the new steady course after the dynamic moment withdrawing,which would also help the navigator to decide the maximum turning speed in emergency situations such as the electricity failure of steering gear,giving way in a narrow water and turning with intermediate obstacle.
作者
吕锡宝
LYU Xibao(Qingdao Port Pilot Station,Qingdao 266106,China)
出处
《中国航海》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期54-57,共4页
Navigation of China
关键词
旋转角速度
横向力
惯性矩
阻尼常数
旋转角速度衰减
Rate of Turn(ROT)
transverse force
moment of inertia
damping constant
decrease of rate of turn
