摘要
在中国古代,“生意”的意思相当于“生态”,但西方文明传播到世界各地之后,做生意是为了赚钱,并且相当程度上破坏着生态。发达国家为何能够生产那么多货物(耶利之问),创造远超过正常需要的财富?这与洛克的财产观念、韦伯阐述的新教伦理有关。过分追求私有财产加剧了人与人的不平等,也加重了对大自然的剥削,引起广泛的不适应,环境和生态问题由此产生。人类文明的标准需要根据适应性、盖亚系统的可持续性重新考量。古老的博物学实践对今天的科技创新、教育体制和生态平衡仍能给出启示。
In ancient China the word shengyi (生意) meant roughly shengtai (生态, ecology), but afterwestern civilization spreading all over the world the meaning of doing shengyi (business or trade) becamemaking a quick buck, to some extent inevitably with ecological destruction. Why is it that you developedcounties (white people) developed so much cargo (Yali’s question) and accumulated much more wealththan normal need? The secret relates to John Locke’s concept of property and Protestant ethics articulatedby Max Weber. Excessive pursuit of private property may increase inequalities between people andoverexploitation of nature, and cause all kinds of maladaptation, hence the environmental and ecologicalproblems. The standard of human civilization needs to be reconsidered by analyzing adaptation and thesustainability of Gaia system. Old practice of natural history seemingly still gives us important insightsabout sci-tech innovation, education administration and ecological balance.
作者
刘华杰
LIU Hua-jie(Department of Philosophy,Peking University,100871,P.R.China)
出处
《北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第2期6-13,共8页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University ：Social Sciences
关键词
博物学
生态平衡
洛克的财产观
垃圾
新教伦理
natural history
ecological balance
John Locke’s concept of property
garbage
Protestant ethics
