摘要
见义勇为条款作为"法律道德化"的规范,是"内在性"与"外在性"相结合的:内在性体现为对人性标准的选择问题,"互惠式的利他主义"衍生救助义务,不同人性层次的要求使见义勇为立法呈现"自由主义"或者"保护主义"的不同风格,对应强制救助或者自由救助不同的行为选择。即便如此,不同法系对救助义务的扬弃选择不同。外在性体现为见义勇为条款的体系化构造,形式要素取决于义务来源、行为目的、情节要求、行为类型四大方面,对义务来源的"三重否定式"表达作为行为构造的基础,概括的利他主义作为行为构造的动机,具体情节和行为类型表现出高度的牵连关系。应从实践中见义勇为条款的适用疑难出发,防止对其进行过分纯粹化的构造,使"内在性"与"外在性"相称。
The terms of brave actions for just causes are embodied in the norms of"legal moralization",which contains internality and externality.The former refers to the choice of humanity standards,started from"Reciprocal Altruism"and expressed as duty to rescue.The requirements of different levels of humanity make the legislation present different styles of"liberalism"or"protectionism",corresponding to free assistance or forced behavior as different behavioral choices.Even so,different legal systems have different choices for duty to rescue.Externality is embodied in the systematic construction of the terms of brave actions for just,and the formal elements depend on four sources,which consist of source of obligation,purpose of action,plot requirement,and types of behavior.As a basis,the source of obligation is embodied in the triple negative expression.At the same time,generalized altruism is used as a motivation for behavioral construction,specific plots and behavioral types showed a high degree of implicature.It is necessary to proceed from the application of the provisions to prevent excessively pure construction,so that"internality"and"externality"are commensurate.
作者
冯源
Feng Yuan(Law School,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387)
出处
《河南财经政法大学学报》
2020年第4期10-21,共12页
Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“社会主义核心价值观与我国商事立法完善”的阶段性研究成果(项目编号:17VHJ001)。
关键词
见义勇为
人性标准
救助义务
行为构造
挺身而出
brave actions for just causes
humanity standard
duty to rescue
behavioral construction
come forward courageously
