摘要
针对国内现有油葵联合收获机割台存在的物料堵塞、堆积以及因拨禾轮回带导致的葵盘无法进入割台等问题,结合我国油葵种植模式和农艺要求,设计了一种拨禾轮式油葵联合收获机专用割台。对分禾过程中油葵茎秆的姿态进行分析,确定了内分禾器宽度、长度和内分禾器间隙;选取不同拨禾速比λ,对拨禾轮运动轨迹进行仿真分析,确定了拨禾速比取值范围,并得出拨禾轮的最优直径和转速;为降低输送器输送时拨指对葵盘的击打和油葵茎秆的缠绕,设计了刮板式输送器;为保证良好的切割效果,基于刀机速比γ,确定了往复式切割器切割速度。在新疆维吾尔自治区阜康市河南庄子村进行了油葵收获田间试验,当整机前进速度为0.8 m/s时,喂入量为3.3 kg/s,割台平均损失率仅为1.42%,整机作业效率0.69 hm^2/h。收获作业过程中整机运行平稳,割台收获过程无堵塞、无缠绕,满足油葵联合收获机割台的设计要求。
In view of the problems of material blockage,accumulation and the sunflower plate can not enter the header due to the reel rewind in the domestic oil sunflower combine harvesters,according to planting model and agronomic requirements of oil sunflower in China,a special header for oil sunflower combined harvesters with low loss was designed.The analysis was carried out on the posture of the sunflower stalks during the dividing process to determine the width and length of the inner divider and the inner divider gap.Selecting different values of reel speed ratioλto carry out simulation analysis to the reel's motion trajectory in order to determine the range of reel speed ratio and get the optimal diameter and speed of reel.In order to reduce the impact of the dial finger on the sunflower disk during the conveying of the auger,and prevent the sunflower stalk getting entangled on the auger,a scraper conveyor auger was designed.The cutting speed of the reciprocating cutter was determined by the knife-to-machine speed ratioγto ensure a good cutting effect.For evaluating the actual harvest effect of oil sunflower harvester,a field experiment was carried out in Henan Zhuangzi Village,Fukang City,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.The forward speed of the whole machine was 0.8 m/s,the feed rate was 3.3 kg/s,and the average loss rate of the header was 1.42%.The operation of the whole machine was stable during the harvesting operation,and there was no accumulation and blockage of the inner and outer dividers,conveying auger feeding smoothly and without entanglement,and there was no return of the oil sunflower plant at the reel,which met the design requirements of the oil sunflower combine harvester header.
作者
刘巍
黄小毛
马丽娜
宗望远
朱云飞
LIU Wei;HUANG Xiaomao;MA Li’na;ZONG Wangyuan;ZHU Yunfei(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Agriculture Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affains,Wuhan 430070,China;Xingguang Agricultural Machine Co.,Ltd.,Huzhou 313017,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期83-88,135,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0702104)。
关键词
油葵
联合收获机
专用割台
田间试验
oil sunflower
combine harvester
special header
field test
