摘要
目的从运动医学的角度探索军人军事体能的评估方法。方法入选某驻地部队普通士兵和体能标兵各80例(均身体健康),同时进行运动平板试验,即心电图应力测试(electrocardiogram stress testing,EST)和无创心排量监测,即阻抗心动图(impedance cardiography monitoring,ICM),通过观察EST及实时检测ICM变化,记录每搏输出量(stroke volume,SV)、心输出量(cardiac output,CO)、心肌收缩力(myocardial contractility,CTI)、前负荷率(early diastolic filling rate,EDFR)以及外周血管阻力(systemic vascular resistance index,SVRI)等多项血流动力学参数,分析2组运动耐力、SV的平台期(每搏阈)的差异;同时观察运动中心电图有无ST段改变、心律失常等心肌缺血事件,以评估心脏潜能。结果普通士兵组和体能标兵组静息的SV、CO、CTI、EDFR、SVRI差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组达到每搏阈时间为(3.9±1.5) min,而标兵组为(6.1±2.6) min,2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组运动到E4等级20例(25%),E5等级60例(75%),而标兵组到E4等级7例(9%),E5等级73例(91%),2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组出现ST段改变17例(21%),心律失常8例(10%),标兵组ST段改变6例(7%),心律失常9例(11%)。2组ST段改变的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而心律失常发生率差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论运动平板试验结合无创心排量监测可以有效评估体能。平板运动试验和心排量监测均为无创性检查,简单易行。从运动医学的角度评估军事体能更为科学,有助于合理安排军事任务,避免非战斗性减员,同时对军人未来的健康也有帮助。
Objective To investigate the methods of assessing the physical performance of military personnel based on the results of electrocardiogram stress testing and impedance cardiogram monitoring.Methods Eighty ordinary soldiers and the same number of soldiers as the pacesetter of excellent physical performance(all healthy) from a certain troop unit were enrolled as study subjects. Treadmill exercise test or electrocardiogram stress test(EST), as well as non-invasive cardiac output monitoring or impedance cardiography monitoring(ICM) were performed simultaneously. By observing changes in EST and detecting real time changes in ICM, stroke volume(SV), cardiac output(CO), myocardial contractility(CTI), early diastolic filling rate(EDFR) and systemic vascular resistance index(SVRI) were recorded in the study. Differences in exercise endurance and plateau threshold of stroke volume were analyzed in the 2 groups. At the same time, ST segment changes and such myocardial ischemia events as arrhythmia were observed during exercise, so that cardiac potential could be detected.Results There was no statistical significance in the levels of resting SV, CO, CTI, EDFR and SVRI, when comparisons were made between the 2 groups(P>0.05). The time of achieving the threshold of SV in the control group was(3.9±1.5) min, while that in the pacesetter group was(6.1±2.6) min. Statistical significance could also be noted when comparisons were made between the 2 groups(P<0.05). In the control group, there were 20 cases(25%) and 60 cases(75%) that reached respectively the E4 and E5 exercise grades, while in the pacesetter group there were 7 cases(9%) and 73 cases(91%) that reached respectively the E4 and E5 exercise grades. Statistical significance could also be noticed when comparisons were made between the 2 groups(P<0.05). There were 17 cases of ST segment change(21%) and 8 cases of arrhythmia(10%) in the control group, while there were 6 cases of ST segment change(7%) and 9 cases of arrhythmia(11%) in the pacesetter group. There was statistical significance in the changes of ST segment, when comparisons were made between the 2 groups(P<0.05). However, statistical significance was unnoticed in the incidence of arrhythmia(P<0.05).Conclusion Treadmill exercise test combined with ICM could effectively evaluate physical performance. Both treadmill exercise test and cardiac output detection are all non-invasive, which simplifies operation. From the perspective of sports medicine, it is more scientific for the assessment of physical performance of military personnel, as it will help to arrange military tasks more properly, avoid non-battle injuries, and is also beneficial to the health of military personnel.
作者
欧东波
王琦
李虎
谢中培
黄金燕
朱玉峰
包霞
崔婉婉
Ou Dongbo;Wang Qi;Li Hu;Xie Zhongpei;Huang Jinyan;Zhu Yufeng;Bao Xia;Cui Wanwan(Department of Cardiology,First Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command,Zhanjiang 524005,China)
出处
《海军医学杂志》
2020年第4期397-400,共4页
Journal of Navy Medicine
基金
全军医学科技青年培育项目(18QNP014)。
关键词
心电图应力测试
阻抗心动图
每搏阈
军事体能
Electrocardiogram stress test
Impedance cardiogram
Threshold of stroke volume
Military performance
