摘要
越来越多的证据表明,与自然环境接触对人类健康有益,但当前青少年与自然的接触越来越少。本研究编制青少年自然缺失量表,并检验其信度和效度。采用文献法、问卷调查法、专家评定法等形成初始量表,以327名青少年为样本对初始量表进行项目分析和探索性因素分析,以另外327名青少年为样本进行验证性因素分析。结果表明,青少年自然缺失量表共25个项目,其中,客观自然缺失分量表包括两个维度:缺失自然接触和缺失自然知识;心理自然缺失分量表包括三个维度:缺失对自然的共情、缺失对自然生命的认同和缺失自然感知能力。两个分量表的结构效度和效标效度均符合心理测量学要求,但仍需进一步探究客观自然缺失和心理自然缺失之间的关系,以及可能影响两者关系的调节变量。
Despite the increasing evidence that nature boosts health,adolescents spend increasingly less time in nature and contact with nature less frequently than prior generations.The present study developed a scale to measure the degree to which adolescents have nature-deficit and examine the reliability and validity of the scale.The preliminary scale was formed by literature review,survey and expert evaluation methods.A sample of 654 adolescents completed the scale.They also completed three additional scales to provide data on criterion validity,i.e.,Inclusion of Nature in the Self Scale,Electronics Addiction Questionnaire,and New Ecological Paradigm Scale.Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted in a random subsample of 327 adolescents.Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in the other subsample of 327 adolescents.Results showed that the final scale contained 25 items.Objective nature-deficit subscale had two dimensions:Lack of access to nature and lack of knowledge about nature.Psychological nature-deficit subscale had three dimensions:Lack of empathy toward nature,lack of identification with natural life-beings,and lack of sensation to nature.The validity and reliability analyses showed that the scale was up to psychometric standard.The Adolescent Nature-Deficit(AND)Scale is valid and reliable to measure the degree of nature-deficit in adolescents.Future research should further investigate the relationship between objective nature-deficit and psychological nature-deficit,as well as the potential variables that would moderate the relationship.
作者
王博
顾璇
王沙
WANG Bo;GU Xuan;WANG Sha(Department of Applied Psychology,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China;Department of Applied Psychology,Guangdong Peizheng College,Guangzhou 510830,China;School of Education,Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Campus,Zhuhai 519087,China)
出处
《心理技术与应用》
2020年第9期559-568,共10页
Psychology(Techniques and Applications)
基金
国家体育总局登山运动管理中心重点项目(CMA2015-A-A03)
上海真爱梦想公益基金会看见未来·儿童智库研究项目(2018CCTTB03)。
关键词
自然缺失症
自然缺失量表
电子产品成瘾
自然关联性
nature-deficit disorder
nature-deficit scale
electronics addiction
nature connection
