摘要
杂草稻Oryza sativa f.spontanea是一种危害水稻生产、具有杂草特征的水稻,筛选可防除杂草稻的除草剂可有效解决防除杂草稻的难题。为明确25%双环磺草酮悬浮剂(SC)防除杂草稻的使用策略,采用盆栽试验测定了25%双环磺草酮SC不同用药剂量、用药时间和用药方式(喷雾法和毒土法)对杂草稻的防除效果及对水稻的安全性。结果表明:25%双环磺草酮SC按有效成分150~375 g/hm^2的剂量分别于杂草稻萌芽期、立针期、1~2叶期和2~3叶期施用,当采用喷雾法施药时,其对杂草稻的株数防效分别达98.0%~100%、94.0%~100%、94.0%~100%和83.0%~100%,而采用毒土法施药时,其防效分别为51.0%~100%、56.0%~93.0%、27.0%~89.0%和28.0%~71.0%;在有效成分为187.5 g/hm^2和375 g/hm^2剂量下,喷雾法施药对水稻各项生长指标无不良影响,而毒土法施药则对水稻株高、根长、根系和植株鲜重等均有抑制作用。表明与毒土法相比,喷雾法施药具有防除效果好、使用期宽和对水稻安全性高等优点,但该药的速效性较差,施药后20~30 d方能达到最佳防效。本着高效、经济、安全的原则,推荐25%双环磺草酮SC防除杂草稻的使用策略为:于杂草稻萌芽期至1~2叶期采用喷雾法施药,推荐使用剂量为有效成分150~187.5 g/hm^2,如推迟至杂草稻2~3叶期防除,则使用剂量应提高至187.5~225 g/hm^2。施药时应有水层1~2 cm,施药后保持水层5 d以上。
Weedy rice(Oryza sativa f.spontanea)is a kind of rice with weed characteristics that harms rice production.Screening herbicides that can control weedy rice will effectively solve the problem of chemical control.In order to explore application strategy of 25%benzobicyclon SC,in different dosages,time and methods to control weedy rice,and safety to rice were studied by potted experiment.The results showed that 25%benzobicyclon SC had high herbicidal activity to weedy rice.Compared with the poisoned soil method,spray application had the advantages of fast acting speed,excellent control effect,wide use period and high safety to rice.After using 25%benzobicyclon SC 150-375 g a.i./hm^2 on weedy rice in germination stage,needle leaf stage,1-2 leaf stage and 2-3 leaf stage respectively,the control effect of spray method on weedy rice reached 98.0%-100%,94.0%-100%,94.0%-100%and 83.0%-100%,but poisoned soil method was 51.0%-100%,56.0%-93.0%,27.0%-89.0%and 28.0%-71.0%.Under the dosage of 187.5 g a.i./hm^2 and 375 g a.i./hm^2 of 25%benzobicyclon SC,spraying application had no adverse effect on growth indexes of rice,but poisoned soil method had inhibition on rice plant height,root length,root and plant fresh weight.The efficacy of the benzobicyclon appears slowly,and the best control effect is generally achieved 20-30 days after herbicide application.The optimal control period of weedy rice should be from its germination stage to1-2 leaf stage,spraying method,and recommended dosage was 150-187.5 g a.i./hm^2.If benzobicyclon SC is used during the 2-3 leaf stage of weedy rice,the dosage should be increased to 187.5 to 225 g a.i./hm^2.The water layer of 1-2 cm should be established and maintained at least 5 days when benzobicyclon SC was applied.
作者
田志慧
盛光勇
袁国徽
沈国辉
TIAN Zhihui;SHENG Guangyong;YUAN Guohui;SHEN Guohui(Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Anshun University,Anshun 561000,Guizhou Provice,China)
出处
《农药学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期635-641,共7页
Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science
基金
上海市现代农业水稻产业技术体系(202003)
上海市科技创新行动计划(16391901800)
上海市农业科学院卓越团队项目[农科创2018(B-01)].
关键词
双环磺草酮
悬浮剂
杂草稻
防治效果
水稻田
使用策略
benzobicyclon
suspension concentrate
weedy rice
control efficacy
rice field
application strategy
