摘要
目的了解2015—2019年益阳市噪声作业工人专项检查分布特点,为益阳市噪声作业工人职业病防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集2015—2019年间益阳地区噪声作业工人重点职业病职业健康检查个案卡信息,并根据时间、地区、人口学及用人单位特征分布对其双耳高频平均听阈结果进行分析。结果2015—2019年间益阳市18413例噪声作业工人中双耳高频平均听阈≥40 dB(A)者共1838例,异常检出率为9.98%;5年间共报告疑似职业性噪声聋2例,职业性噪声聋5例。随着年龄及工龄的增加,噪声暴露工人双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率有增高的趋势(均P<0.05);不同地区、性别、企业经济类型、企业规模及行业工人双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论益阳地区噪声暴露工人职业病防治工作有待加强,今后应更加关注噪声暴露的重点区域(安化县)、重点企业(港澳台经济企业、微型企业)、重点行业(采矿与建筑业)以及重点人群(男性、≥40岁、≥10年工龄)的职业病防控工作。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of the special inspection among noise-exposed workers in Yiyang City from 2015 to 2019,provide a scientific basis for occupational disease prevention strategies for noise-exposed workers in Yiyang City.Methods The data of key occupational health examination case card of noise-exposed workers in Yiyang area from 2015 to 2019.The results of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold were analyzed according to time,region,demography,and employer characteristics.Results From 2015 to 2019,it had been totally reported 1838 cases of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold≥40 dB(A)among 18413 noise exposed workers in Yiyang City,with an abnormal detection rate of 9.98%.Totally two cases of suspected occupational noise deafness and five cases of occupational noise deafness had also been reported during the past five years.The detection rate of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold abnormality among noise-exposed workers was increasing with the increase of age and working years(both P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold abnormality among different regions,genders,economic types,business sizes,and industries(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevention and control of occupational diseases of noiseexposed workers in Yiyang area needs to be strengthened.In the future,more attention should be paid to Anhua County,key enterprises(Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan economic enterprises,micro-enterprises),key industries(mining and construction),and key groups(male,≥40 years old,≥10 years of working age)for occupational disease prevention and control.
作者
谭聪
田娇
张勇兵
TAN Cong;TIAN Jiao;ZHANG Yong-bing(Occupational Disease Prevention Department,Yiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yiyang Hunan,413000)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第13期1745-1748,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
噪声
双耳高频平均听阈
职业健康检查
Noise
Binaural high frequency average hearing threshold
Occupational health examination
