摘要
目的了解淄博市农村生活饮用水微生物污染状况,为农村水质提升提供参考依据。方法2017—2018年,按《淄博市生活饮用水卫生监测工作方案》要求,开展农村水厂卫生学调查,采集农村集中式供水的出厂水和末梢水,分散式供水仅采集末梢水,检测指标为菌落总数、总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群。结果2017—2018年共检测农村水样742份,微生物总合格率为79.65%,菌落总数、总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群的合格率分别为92.45%、85.85%和93.26%;经常规处理和仅消毒的水样微生物总体合格率为93.71%,明显高于仅沉淀、过滤或未处理水样的73.86%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=47.660,P<0.05);不同年份微生物各指标合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。区县合格率空间分布与供水处理工艺基本一致,常规处理和仅消毒水样比例高的区县,微生物合格率高,未处理水样比例高的区县,微生物合格率低;供水处理工艺、各微生物指标间均呈现出显著正相关性,总大肠菌群与耐热大肠菌群的正相关性最好(r=0.69,P<0.05)。结论2017—2018年淄博市农村饮用水微生物污染应引起重视,加大农村地区水质管理和消毒处理尤为必要。
Objective To understand the microbial contamination status of drinking water in rural areas of Zibo City,provide reference for the improvement of rural water quality.Methods From 2017 to 2018,according to the requirements of the Health Surveillance Programme of Drinking Water in Zibo City,the hygiene survey of rural water plants was conducted.The factory water and terminal water of centralized water supply in rural areas were collected,while only the terminal water was collected for decentralized water supply,and the detection indexes were the total number of colonies,total coliforms and heat-resistant coliforms.Results Totally 742 rural water samples were tested from 2017 to 2018.The total qualified rate of microorganisms was 79.65%,and the qualified rate of total colonies,total coliforms and heat-resistant coliforms was 92.45%,85.85%and 93.26%,respectively.The overall qualified rate of microorganisms in water samples with routine treatment and disinfection only was 93.71%,which was higher than that in water samples with sedimentation and filtration or without treatment(3.86%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=47.660,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the annual qualified rate of microorganisms indicators(P>0.05).The spatial distribution of qualified rate of districts and counties was basically consistent with the water supply treatment process.The districts and counties with a higher proportion of routinely treated and only disinfected water samples had a higher qualified rate of microorganisms,while the districts and counties with a higher proportion of untreated water samples had a lower qualified rate of microorganisms.There was a significant positive correlation between the water treatment process and each microbial index,and the positive correlation between the total coliforms and heat-resistant coliforms was the best(r=0.69,P<0.05).Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to the microbial contamination of drinking water in rural areas of Zibo City from 2017 to 2018,especially to strengthen water quality management and disinfection treatment in rural areas.
作者
王丹
刘芳盈
孟超
WANG Dan;LIU Fang-ying;MENG Chao(Environmental Health Monitoring Institute,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zibo Shandong,255026,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第13期1818-1822,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
淄博市科技发展计划项目(2016kj010011,2018kj010113)。
关键词
农村卫生
饮用水
微生物
相关性
Rural health
Drinking water
Microorganism
Correlation
