摘要
背景:全面评估膝关节肌力、膝关节屈伸肌力比(H/Q)以及双侧膝关节肌力的对称性有利于预防膝关节损伤。目的:分析运动员优势侧与非优势侧膝关节肌力特点及双侧肌力的对称性。方法:用IsoMed 2000等速测试/训练系统,选取60,180(°)/s的角速度,对22名健美操运动员(有氧组8名及竞技组14名)膝关节进行等速肌力测试。结果与结论:①两组运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌峰力矩、屈伸肌相对峰力矩随角速度增加而递减(P<0.001),H/Q随角速度增加而增加(P<0.001);②两组对象优势侧屈肌肌力极显著高于非优势侧(P<0.05),伸肌肌力和H/Q在60(°)/s角速度时显著高于非优势侧(P<0.05);③180(°)/s时有氧组运动员非优势侧膝关节H/Q高于竞技组(P<0.05);④60(°)/s和180(°)/s时有氧组对象优势侧屈肌峰力矩均优于非优势侧(P<0.05),伸肌指标无显著性差异;⑤60(°)/s和180(°)/s时竞技组对象优势侧屈肌峰力矩均极高于非优势侧(P<0.05);伸肌峰力矩、相对峰力矩[60(°)/s]及H/Q[180(°)/s]显著高于非优势侧(P<0.05);⑥结果提示,两组对象优势侧和非优势侧膝关节肌力不对称,需加强非优势侧膝关节力量;H/Q较低,膝关节屈伸肌力不均衡,需加强膝关节屈肌力量训练,尤其是快速力量。
BACKGROUND:A comprehensive evaluation of knee muscle strength,knee hamstrings-to-quadriceps(H/Q)force ratio,and symmetry of both knee joints is beneficial to preventing knee joint injuries.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the dominant and non-dominant side isokinetic characteristics of the knee joints of Chinese calisthenics athletes and bilateral symmetry of muscle strength.METHODS:Knee joints of 22 Chinese calisthenics athletes(aerobics group,n=8;athletics group,n=14)from Chinese national aerobics team were measured using IsoMed2000 at 60 and 180(°)/s concentric angular speed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The peak torque(PT)and the relative peak torque(PT/BW)of the flexors and extensors of the knee joint in the two groups were significantly decreased with the increase of the angular speed(P<0.001),and the H/Q ratio significantly increased with the increase of the angular speed(P<0.001).The dominant leg flexors strength were significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg(P<0.05),and extensors strength and H/Q of the dominant leg were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant leg at the speed of 60(°)/s(P<0.05).The H/Q of the non-dominant knee joint in the aerobic group was significantly higher than that in the athletics group at the speed of 180(°)/s(P<0.05).In the aerobic group,the flexor peak torque of the dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg at the speed of 60(°)/s and 180(°)/s(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in both side of extensors.In the athletics group,the flexor peak torque of the dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg(P<0.05),the extensors peak torque[60(°)/s],PT/BW[60(°)/s]and H/Q[180(°)/s]of the dominant leg were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant leg(P<0.05).These findings indicate that the muscle force of the dominant and non-dominant knee joints were asymmetric,and the athletes ought to improve the muscle power of the non-dominant knee joint.A lower H/Q indicates imbalance between the flexor and extensor strength of the knee joint,and it is necessary to strengthen the knee flexor strength training,especially the training for fast strength.
作者
李玉
黄鹏
王宏
王安利
Li Yu;Huang Peng;Wang Hong;Wang Anli(School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Art School,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第2期232-236,共5页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
关键词
膝
关节
优势侧
对称性
运动损伤
预防
力量训练
knee
joint
dominant side
symmetry
sports injury
prevention
strength training
