摘要
为评估张家口市近年来土地利用变化对土壤保持功能的影响,基于USLE模型和GIS空间分析方法,对张家口市2005和2015年两个时期的土地利用类型变化和土壤保持功能进行分析。结果表明:1)张家口市的土地利用类型主要由耕地、林地和草地构成,2005-2015年,该区林地、建设用地面积增长,其他地类面积减少,其中林地面积增长最多,主要来源是草地,且与草地之间有双向流动,而耕地面积减少最多,主要转为建设用地;2)不同土地利用类型的土壤保持能力不同,林地的土壤保持能力优于草地。10年间,林地的土壤保持量增加最多,草地的土壤保持强度提高最多,林地和草地的土壤保持量始终占所有地类的50%以上;3)10年间张家口市的土壤保持能力得到了较大的提高,且与植被覆盖度的增长关系密切,土壤保持总量增加了1.752×10^7 t。所有区(县)的土壤保持量在10年间均有所增长,蔚县增长最多,桥西区增长量最少;4)土壤保持量空间分布大致呈西北低、东南高的趋势,赤城县保持量最多,桥西区保持量最少。坝下河谷区的土壤保持能力远高于坝上高原区,保持总量始终占全市的80%以上,且10年间增加了1.163×10^7 t。本研究结果对了解张家口市生态工程实施后的土地利用及土壤保持功能变化有重要意义,同时也为今后进一步加强生态保护和制定土壤侵蚀治理方案等提供科学依据。
To elucidate the impacts of changes in the land use type use changes on soil retention capacity in Zhangjiakou City,the spatial and temporal variations in land use type and soil retention capacity from 2005 and 2015 were assessed using USLE and GIS tools.The results showed that the main land use types in Zhangjiakou were cultivated land,forests,and grasslands.Areas of forests and construction increased as the other land use types decreased from 2005 to 2015.The fastest increase in area was observed for forests,which were converted from grasslands,and the lowest decrease in area was found for cultivated land,which was converted into construction land.Meanwhile,a two-way flow between forestland and grasslands appeared.An evident difference in soil retention capacity in Zhangjiakou was found among different land use types.Grasslands were respondible for the most pronounced increase in the rate of soil retention,while forests constituted the most dramatic increase in the amount of soil retention.Soil retention amounts in grasslands and forestsaccounted for 50% of the total retention across all land use types.Soil retention capacity increased by 1.752×10^7 t in Zhangjiakou City over the past 10 years,and this result could be ascribed to increased land cover.The amount of soil conservation had increased in each county over the past 10 years;Yu County witnessed the greatest increase in the amount of soil conservation,and Qiaoxi district owned witnessed the smallest increase in the amount of soil conservation among all counties.Furthermore,the soil retention capacity was lower in the northwest regions and higher in the southeast regions of Zhangjiakou City.The highest soil retention capacity was observed in Chicheng County,and Qiaoxi District exhibited the lowest soil retention capacity among all counties.Finally,soil retention capacity was evidently higher in the Bashang Regions than in the Baxia Regions,and the amount of soil retention in Bashang accounted for 80% of the total of Zhangjiakou City,and the increase in the amount of soil retention in the Bashang Regions was 1.163×10^7 t.The results of this study help us to understand the changes to land use and soil retention function after the implementation of ecological engineering in Zhangjiakou City,and this provide a scientific basis for promoting ecological protection and developing soil erosion control plans in the future.
作者
刘翊涵
苏正安
潘洪义
王晓艺
伍佐
周涛
王俊杰
何周窈
LIU Yihan;SU Zheng'an;PAN Hongyi;WANG Xiaoyi;WU Zuo;ZHOU Tao;WANG Junjie;HE Zhouyao(Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;College of Geography and Resources Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610100,Sichuan,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an 625014,Sichuan,China;Chinese Academy of Science University,Beijing 100049,China;Forestry College,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第7期1281-1292,共12页
Pratacultural Science
基金
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101-001)
四川省科技计划资助(2018JY0034、2018SZDZX0034)。
关键词
土壤保持能力
USLE模型
土地利用
时空变化
张家口市
soil retention capacity
land use change
USLE model
spatial and temporal variation
Zhangjiakou City
