摘要
针对产品质量监管下食用菌的食用安全性进行分析。选取双孢菇(Agaricus bisporus)菌株As 2796,干稻草、石灰、氯化钾和过磷酸钙等,重金属砷、铅、镉、汞标准溶液(1000 mg·L-1),农药苯菌灵、敌敌畏和马拉硫磷等,对不同浓度重金属和农药在食用菌的食用安全性中产生的影响进行测试分析。结果显示,食用菌采摘前喷洒农药在蘑菇整个生长周期与保鲜中会逐渐降解;在建堆、前发酵及后发酵阶段,培养料中重金属含量产生的变化表示,发酵时的微生物活动在重金属降解中没有发挥出很大的作用;总体来说,测试环境下食用菌重金属的含量比安全标准低很多,基本符合食用菌质量安全标准。最后分别从提高社区农贸市场整体建设效率、优化和升级市场准入制度、落实责任制、加强新闻媒体等传媒行业在产品质量监管体系中的影响和作用、强化质量监督管理力度等方面为产品质量监管下食用菌的食用安全管控提出了相应对策。
The edible safety of edible fungi under product quality supervision is analyzed. Strain As2796 of Agaricus bisporus was selected. Dry straw, lime, potassium chloride, and superphosphate, etc., standard solutions of arsenic, lead, cadmium, and mercury of 1 000 mg·L-1 of heavy metals, pesticides such as benomyl, dichlorvos and malathion were used. The effects of concentrations of heavy metals and pesticides on the edible safety of edible fungi were tested and analyzed. The results showed that spraying pesticides before edible fungi will gradually degrade during the whole growth cycle and preservation of edible fungi, the changes in heavy metal content in the culture material during the construction, pre-fermentation, and post-fermentation stages indicate that the microbial activity during fermentation is in heavy metals. The degradation did not play a large role. In general,the content of heavy metals in edible fungi in the test environment was much lower than the safety standard, which basically met the quality and safety standards. Finally, the quality of the product is improved from the aspects of improving the overall construction efficiency of the community farmer’s market, optimizing and upgrading the market access system, implementing the responsibility system, strengthening the news media and other media industries’ influence and role in the product quality supervision legal system, and strengthening quality supervision and management. Corresponding countermeasures are provided for the edible safety control of edible fungi under supervision.
作者
徐慧明
XU Hui-ming(Chifeng University School of Law and Business,Chifeng 024000,China)
出处
《中国食用菌》
北大核心
2020年第7期225-228,共4页
Edible Fungi of China
基金
2014年度赤峰市社会科学科研课题项目(201412)。
关键词
产品质量监管
食用菌
食用
安全性
product quality supervision
edible fungi
edible
safety
