摘要
目的调查北京市城区60岁及以上老年人群心血管疾病(CVD)现状及其影响因素,为当地CVD的干预和预防提供新的参考依据。方法 2018-10/2019-01,采用分层随机抽样的方法,在北京市城区随机抽取2个城区,每个城区抽取2个街道,每个街道各抽取1个社区,以社区内的老年人群作为调查对象,采用自制问卷收集研究对象的一般自资料、行为生活方式、疾病史及进行相关的体格检查,采用卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归进行统计分析。结果本次调查2 326名老年人,年龄范围60~93岁,平均年龄为(68.89±4.38)岁。男性占52.28%,女性占47.72%。吸烟者占28.83%,糖尿病者占13.07%,血脂异常者占8.8%。消瘦者占5.67%,正常体重者占66.17%,超重者占20.59%,肥胖者占7.57%。CVD总体患病率为42.73%,其中高血压、冠心病、心力衰竭、心律失常及其他CVD患病率分别为34.65%、4.94%、3.74%、1.63%和2.79%。单因素分析显示CVD患病率在是否存在体力活动、吸烟、血脂异常、糖尿病以及不同的年龄和BMI方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,年龄≥70岁、缺乏体力活动、吸烟、血脂异常、超重、肥胖及糖尿病者其CVD的患病风险分别为1.77(95%CI:1.48~2.71)、1.48(95%CI:1.26~2.05)、2.01(95%CI:1.79~3.05)、1.65(95%CI:1.24~2.82)、1.83(95%CI:1.37~3.52)、2.33(95%CI:1.85~4.41)和1.46(95%CI:1.25~2.08)。结论北京市城区老年群体CVD的流行率较高,以高血压最为常见。影响老年群体CVD的因素较多,需采取综合措施进行针对性干预,以改善当地老年群体CVD的流行。
Objective To investigate the cardiovascular disease(CVD)status and influencing factors in the elderly aged 60 years old and above in Beijing urban area,in order to provide some new reference for the local CVD intervention and prevention.Method Stratified random sampling method was adopted to randomly select 2 urban areas,2 streets in each urban area and 1 community in each street from October 2018 to January 2019,and the elderly living in the community were finally investigated.The general self-data,behavior and lifestyle,disease history and relevant physical examination were collected by a self-made questionnaire.Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results A total of 2326 elderly people were included in this study.The age range was 60 to 93 years,and the mean age was(68.89±4.38)years.Men accounted for 52.28%and women 47.72%.The smokers accounted for 28.83%,the diabetics for 13.07%,and the dyslipidemia for 8.8%.Thin people accounted for 5.67%,normal weight people accounted for 66.17%,the overweight accounted for 20.59%,and the obese accounted for 7.57%.The overall prevalence rate of CVD was 42.73%,among them,the prevalence rates of hypertension,coronary heart disease,heart failure,arrhythmia and other diseases were 34.65%,4.94%,3.74%,1.63%and 2.79%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed significant differences in the prevalence rate of CVD in the presence of physical activity,smoking,dyslipidemia,diabetes,age and BMI(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that the risk of CVD in the people aged≥70 years old,lacking physical activity,smoking,dyslipidemia,overweight,obesity and diabetes was 1.77(95%CI:1.48~2.71),1.48(95%CI:1.26~2.05),2.01(95%CI:1.79~3.05),1.65(95%CI:1.24~2.82),1.83(95%CI:1.37~3.52),2.33(95%CI:1.85~4.41)and 1.46(95%CI:1.25~2.08),respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rate of CVD in the elderly in Beijing urban area remains high,mainly in hypertension.There are many factors influencing the CVD in the elderly,more comprehensive measures should be taken for targeted intervention to improve the prevalence of CVD in the local elderly.
作者
薛文娟
闯冬梅
段秋艳
孙超
于玮玮
XUE Wenjuan;CHUANG Dongmei;DUAN Qiuyan;SUN Chao;YU Weiwei(Bejing Shjilan Hospial,Capial Medical University,Bejing 100038,China;The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei Province,China;Linyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dezhou 251500,Shandong Prorince,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2020年第8期1073-1077,共5页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
河北省医学科学研究重点课题(项目编号:ZL20140078)。
关键词
老年
心血管疾病
影响因素
elderly
cardiovascular disease
influencing factors
