摘要
本文简要总结了海洋酸化时间序列研究的主要方法,重点综述了时间序列研究在揭示海洋酸化长期变化方面的重要进展。大气中CO2不断溶解进入海洋,导致海水pH与碳酸钙饱和度(Ω)降低,这一过程即为海洋酸化。海洋酸化时间序列研究主要关注pH与Ω的实时、动态、长期变化。在海洋酸化时间序列研究中,pH一般通过锚泊浮标所搭载的传感器现场获得,而Ω则需借助相关参数间接计算得到。目前全球共有21套正在运行的锚泊浮标,分别布设在大洋、近岸和珊瑚礁等海域,记录了近十几年来全球典型区域海洋酸化的长期变化过程。受上升流、生产力、陆源输入等因素的协同影响,近岸海域的酸化现象极具季节/年际变化,pH和Ω的变化范围较大,分别为7.780~8.723,1.07~9.25。大洋的pH变化范围为7.890~8.238,珊瑚礁的pH变化范围为7.837~8.273,大洋的Ω变化范围为1.93~4.19,珊瑚礁的Ω变化范围为2.06~5.22。海洋酸化时间序列研究表明,受人为活动与气候变化的共同影响,北半球近岸典型海域的Ω在冬季和春季已出现低于生物耐受阈值的现象,将产生十分严重的生态危害,需要尽快采取应对措施。
This paper systematically summarized the methods for time-series studies on ocean acidification(OA),and reviewed the advances in long-term tendency and vital controlling factors for OA.The ocean absorbs the atmospheric CO2 substantially and decreases its seawater pH and calcite saturation level(Ω).This phenomenon is known as ocean acidification.Time-series studies on OA mainly focus on the real-time,dynamics,and long-term variations of pH andΩin diverse marine environments.In time-series studies,pH is usually measured in-situ by sensors attached on mooring buoys,andΩis calculated by related carbonate parameters.There are 21 active mooring buoys working for the time-series studies on OA in the global ocean,which were located at open ocean,coastal region and coral reef,recording the variation of OA during recent decades.Effected by upwelling,primary production,and terrestrial discharge,pH andΩin coastal regions possessed significant seasonal and annual variations,which ranged from 7.780 to 8.723,1.07 to 9.25.However,pH andΩin open oceans and coral reefs had minor seasonal and annual variations,which varied from 7.890 to 8.238,7.837 to 8.273,and from 1.93 to 4.19,2.06 to 5.22,respectively.Considering the multiple effects from anthropogenic activities and climate change,results of timeseries studies on OA suggest theΩin some coastal regions of Northern Hemisphere has surpass the threshold of some marine organism,such as oyster and mussel,indicating immediate action should be taken to solve the negative effects of OA.
作者
曲宝晓
宋金明
李学刚
QU Baoxiao;SONG Jinming;LI Xuegang(Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Laboratory,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期281-290,共10页
Marine Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(41806133)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0603204)。
关键词
海洋酸化
时间序列
长期变化
ocean acidification
time-series study
long-term trend
