摘要
为农业生产中的有机废弃物基质化应用提供参考,采用单因素试验研究有机废弃物复配基质(壳聚糖+稻壳生物炭+发酵茶渣+珍珠岩+蛭石+发酵鸡粪混合形成)对辣椒、番茄穴盘幼苗生长及基质酶活性的影响,同时,探讨其对干旱胁迫下2种作物幼苗生理代谢的影响。结果表明:复配基质处理辣椒和番茄幼苗株高与商品育苗基质处理(CK)无显著差异;辣椒幼苗茎粗与CK差异显著;辣椒和番茄壮苗指数分别较CK提高42.68%和25.45%,差异显著;二者出苗率均极显著低于CK;辣椒幼苗的叶绿素含量和根系活力与CK差异显著,番茄的差异达极显著水平。复配基质处理干旱胁迫与未受干旱胁迫(CK)番茄幼苗叶片的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及脯氨酸含量差异均达显著水平,但辣椒的差异不显著;辣椒和番茄幼苗的丙二醛含量均显著低于CK,分别较CK降低13.09%和29.71%;基质酶活性除脲酶外,蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶均显著或极显著高于CK。有机废弃物复配基质可促进幼苗生长,缓解干旱胁迫对幼苗的伤害,在番茄幼苗中尤为显著。
To provide a reference for the substrate application of organic wastes in agricultural production,a single factor test was conducted to explore the impact of organic compound substrates(chitosan+rice husk biochar+fermented tea residue+perlite+vermiculite+fermented chicken manure)on plug pepper/tomato seedling growth and substrate enzyme activities,and simultaneously discover the effects on seedling physiological metabolism of two crops under drought stress.Results:The plant height of the substrate pepper/tomato seedlings was not significantly different with CK;Pepper seedling stem diameter varied significantly with CK;The seedling index of pepper and tomato greatly increased by 42.68%and 25.45%compared with CK;Nevertheless,the seedling emergence rates were all lower than CK;The chlorophyll content and root activity of pepper and tomato seedlings were significantly different with CK at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels respectively.Compound substrates under drought stress varied significantly with CK in the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar and proline in tomato seedling leaves,while that of pepper performed not significantly.In addition,the contents of malondialdehyde in pepper and tomato seedlings treated with compound substrates were significantly lower than CK(respectively 13.09%and 29.71%).Except for urease,the compound substrate enzyme activities were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of CK.It can be concluded that this organic waste compound substrates can promote seedling growth and alleviate the damage of drought stress to seedlings,particularly significant to tomato seedlings.
作者
王灿
袁恩平
王绍祥
屈用函
张雪廷
李云
赵水灵
WANG Can;YUAN Enping;WANG Shaoxiang;QU Yonghan;ZHANG Xueting;LI Yun;ZHAO Shuiling(Vegetable Institute,Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenshan,Yunan 663000;Yunnan Dian-Tai Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Agriculture Industrialization,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2020年第8期24-30,共7页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省科技厅科技支撑项目“设施蔬菜高效生产关键技术集成与示范”(2017IC047)
云南省高新技术产业发展计划项目“蔬菜工厂化育苗关键技术研发与应用”(201805)
云南省科技人才和平台计划——创新人才项目(2017HB128)
云南省重点研发计划项目“文山干鲜两用辣椒新品种选育及关键技术研究”(2018AB011)。
关键词
农业有机废弃物
复配基质
辣椒
番茄
育苗
agricultural organic waste
compound substrate
pepper
tomato
seedlings
