摘要
以菜子湖湿地28个采样点2种渔业养殖方式(开放和封闭)下的土壤及底泥样品为研究对象,用X射线原子荧光光谱仪测定沉积物中P、S及重金属元素的含量。采用地累积指数和化学元素背景值对菜子湖湿地土壤污染现状进行评价,探讨渔业养殖方式对重金属污染物分布的影响。结果表明,菜子湖湿地土壤呈弱酸性,土壤较底泥偏酸;底泥和土壤中全磷含量均处3级以上水平,且封闭式下各样点磷含量大于开放式;全硫含量分布与养殖方式之间未表现出明显联系。菜子湖湿地底泥中Zn、Cu、Mn、As含量高于土壤底泥样品,开放式下Zn、Cu、Mn、As含量均显著低于封闭式,Pb、Cu、Cr、Ni含量则略高于封闭式。通过对菜子湖湿地重金属的污染状况进行评价,发现底泥样品中Zn、Cu、Cr、Ni含量均小于长江沉积物重金属元素背景值,未出现污染状况;土壤样品中除Ni、Mn外,Zn、Pb、Cu、Cr、As含量均超过安徽土壤背景值。
Soil and sediment samples under two fishery culture methods(open and closed)in 28 sampling points of Caizi Lake wetland were taken as the research object.The P,S and heavy metals in the sediment were determined by X-ray atomic fluorescence spectrometry.The geoaccumulation index and the background value of chemical elements were used to evaluate the current status of soil pollution in Caizi Lake wetland,and the influence of fishery culture methods on the distribution of heavy metal pollutants was discussed.The results showed that the soil of the Caizi Lake wetland was weakly acidic,and the soil was more acidic than the sediment.The total phosphorus content in the sediment and soil was above level 3,and the phosphorus content in every sample under the closed system was greater than that in the open system.There was no obvious relationship between the distribution of total sulfur content and the culture methods.The content of Zn,Cu,Mn and As in the sediment of the Caizi Lake wetland was higher than that of the soil sediment sample.The content of Zn,Cu,Mn and As in the open type was significantly lower than that in the closed type,and the content of Pb,Cu,Cr and Ni was slightly higher than the closed type.By evaluating the pollution status of heavy metals in the Caizi Lake wetland,it was found that the content of Zn,Cu,Cr and Ni in the sediment samples was less than the background value of heavy metal elements in the sediments of the Yangtze River,and no pollution occurred.In addition to Ni,Mn,Zn in soil samples,the average contents of Zn,Pb,Cu,Cr and As exceeded the Anhui soil background value.
作者
张经纬
张平究
杨艳芳
王鑫鑫
陈芳
张金花
ZHANG Jing-wei;ZHANG Ping-jiu;YANG Yan-fang(School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University/Jianghuai River Basin Surface Process and Regional Response Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory,Wuhu,Anhui 241003;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241003)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2020年第17期77-82,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41301249)。
关键词
渔业养殖方式
天然湿地
重金属
组成特征
污染评价
Fishery culture methods
Natural wetland
Heavy metal
Composition characteristics
Pollution assessment
