摘要
【目的】探究饲料中添加益生菌(枯草芽孢杆菌∶地衣芽孢杆菌∶乳酸菌∶屎肠球菌=1∶1∶1∶1)发酵艾草构树叶混合物对鲤鱼免疫力的影响.【方法】将鲤鱼分为对照组(CK)、益生菌组(A)、艾草构树叶混合物组(B)和发酵艾草构树叶混合物组(C)4组,分别饲喂基础饲料、益生菌饲料、艾草构树叶混合物饲料和发酵艾草构树叶混合物饲料,每天饲喂2次,持续30 d,检测血清酶活的变化和脾脏中免疫相关基因表达.【结果】与对照组相比,添加剂各组鲤鱼血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著升高(P<0.05),添加剂各组间无显著差别;酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性相比于对照组,中草药组和发酵中草药组显著升高(P<0.05).添加益生菌和发酵中草药组的髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性显著升高(P<0.05);而溶菌酶(LZM)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性没有显著性变化(P>0.05).益生菌组和发酵艾草构树叶混合物组的免疫基因白介素-10(IL-10)在脾脏中的表达水平显著高于对照组和艾草构树叶混合物组(P<0.05).而与之相反的是白介素-6(IL-6)在脾脏中的表达量添加剂组均降低,且益生菌组和发酵艾草构树叶混合物组显著低于对照组和艾草构树叶混合物组(P<0.05).肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)在脾脏中的表达与IL-6相似.溶菌酶在脾脏中的表达结果表明,添加剂组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05).此外,饲喂基础饲料的鲤鱼对嗜水气单胞菌细菌攻击的抵抗力明显低于饲喂其他饲料的鱼.【结论】在饲料中添加发酵艾草构树叶混合物对于提高鲤鱼免疫力性能综合效果最好.
【Objective】The effects of probiotics(Bacillus subtilis:Bacillus licheniformis:lactobacillus:Enterococcus faecium=1∶1∶1∶1)on the immunity of carp were studied.【Method】The carp were divided into four groups:control group,probiotics group,mugwort leaf mixture group and fermented mugwort leaf mixture group.The carp were fed with basal diet,probiotics feed,mugwort leaf mixture feed and fermented mugwort leaf mixture feed respectively,and were fed twice a day for 30 days.The changes of serum enzyme activity and the expression of immune related genes in spleen were detected at 30 days.【Result】Compared with the control group,the activity of alkaline phosphatase(AKP)in serum was significantly increased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among the additive groups;compared with the control group,the activity of acid phosphatase(ACP)in Chinese herbal medicine group and fermented Chinese herbal medicine group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO)in probiotics and fermented Chinese herbal medicine groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the activities of lysozyme(LZM)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)did not change significantly(P>0.05).The expression level of IL-10 in spleen of probiotics group and fermented mugwort leaf mixture group was significantly higher than that of control group and mugwort leaf mixture group(P<0.05).On the contrary,the expression of interleukin-6(IL-6)in the spleen of the additive group was lower than that of the control group and the mixture group(P<0.05).However,the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in spleen was similar to that of IL-6.The expression of lysozyme in spleen of additive group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).In addition,the resistance of carp fed with basic diet to the bacterial attack of Aeromonas hydrophila was significantly lower than that of fish fed with other diets.【Conclusion】The results showed that adding fermented wormwood leaf mixture to feed had the best comprehensive effect on improving the immunity of carp.
作者
陈建军
张华杰
刘娜娜
CHEN Jian-jun;ZHANG Hua-jie;LIU Na-na(College of Life Science,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期7-13,共7页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
河南省重点科技攻关计划项目(5201049130135)
河南师范大学博士生基金项目(192102110195,152102210081).
关键词
发酵艾草构树叶混合物
鲤鱼
非特异性免疫酶活
免疫性能
fermented wormwood leaf mixture
carp
non-specific immunoenzyme activity
immune performance
