摘要
在西北半湿润易旱区雨养条件下,研究了不同覆膜方式对夏玉米土壤水分、温度、生长、产量及温室气体排放的影响。以平作无覆盖为对照(CK),设置4种覆膜方式:垄沟种植垄覆白膜(T1)、垄沟种植垄覆黑膜(T2)、连垄沟播白膜全覆盖(T3)和连垄沟播黑膜全覆盖(T4)。结果表明:与平作无覆盖相比,地膜覆盖显著增加了表层土壤温度和土壤含水量,促进了夏玉米生长;T1、T2、T3、T4处理产量比CK分别增加了19.32%、8.88%、25.59%、29.61%,水分利用效率分别增加了25.95%、14.71%、41.22%、44.20%;各处理N2O和CO2排放趋势一致,N2O排放峰值出现在苗期,T1、T2、T3和T4处理N2O各生育期排放总量分别比CK高178.26%、134.78%、334.78%、256.52%,T3与T4处理CO2各生育期排放总量显著高于T1和T2处理,且各处理都显著高于CK;CH4排放无明显趋势,T1、T2、T3、T4处理都增加了CH4吸收总量;T1、T2、T3、T4处理温室气体增温潜势(GWP)均显著高于CK,T3与T4处理GWP无显著差异,但都显著高于T2处理;T1、T2、T3、T4处理气体排放强度(GHGI)分别比CK高151.93%、124.65%、246.53%、186.90%,T3处理GHGI显著高于T4处理。综合考虑产量与温室气体排放,连垄沟播黑膜全覆盖为该地区旱作夏玉米绿色高效生产适宜的覆膜方式。
The effects of different film mulching methods on soil moisture,temperature,greenhouse gas emissions,growth and yield of dryland summer maize were explored in the semi-humid and drought-prone region of Northwestern China.This study set up a plat cultivation without mulching(CK)and four film mulching methods including white film-mulched ridge plus bare furrow(T1),black film-mulched ridge plus bare furrow(T2),continuous furrow mulched with white film(T3),and continuous furrow mulched with black film(T4).The results showed that film mulching significantly increased the surface soil temperature and soil water content and also promoted the summer maize growth compared with CK.Compared with CK,T1,T2,T3,and T4 increased maize yield by 19.32%,8.88%,25.59%,and 29.61%,and enhanced water use efficiency by 25.95%、14.71%、41.22%,and 44.20%,respectively.The emission trends of N2O and CO2at different growth stages of summer maize were similar in different film mulching methods.The peak of N2O emission occurred at the seedling stage,and the N2O emissions of T1,T2,T3,and T4 treatments in each growth period were 178.26%,134.78%,334.78%,and 256.52%higher than CK,respectively.The total emissions of CO2 of T3 and T4 in each period were significantly higher than those of T1 and T2,and that of each treatment was significantly higher than that of CK.There was no obvious trend in CH4 emissions,but T1,T2,T3,and T4 all increased the total amount of CH4 absorption.The greenhouse gas warming potential(GWP)of T1,T2,T3,and T4 were significantly higher than that of CK.There was no significant difference in GWP between T3 and T4,but all of them were significantly higher than that of T2.T1,T2,T3,and T4 increased the gas emission intensity(GHGI)by 151.93%,124.65%,246.53%,and 186.90%compared with CK,respectively,and the GHGI of T3 was significantly higher than that of T4.Comprehensively,considering maize yield and greenhouse gas emission,continuous furrow mulched with black film is more suitable for sustainable and high-efficient dryland summer maize production in this area.
作者
杨睿
郑静
范军亮
张凯宝
廖振棋
许新宇
赖珍林
白文强
YANG Rui;ZHENG Jing;FAN Junliang;ZHANG Kaibao;LIAO Zhenqi;XU Xinyu;LAI Zhenlin;BAI Wenqiang(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education,Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期285-292,302,共9页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51879226)
西北农林科技大学“青年英才培育计划”资助项目(2452020010)。
关键词
夏玉米
覆膜方式
连垄沟播
产量
温室气体
summer maize
film mulching methods
continuous furrow
yield
greenhouse gas
