摘要
洪水灾害是中国最严重的自然灾害之一,水库防洪调度是有效避免或减轻洪水灾害的重要手段。当前水库防洪调度主要是运用优化算法获得水库的优化调度决策方案,鲜有考虑水库泄洪设施的运行控制,往往导致优化调度结果难以付诸实施。鉴于此,本文通过开展梯级水库群泄洪设施运用数字化,构建梯级水库群泄洪设施运用数据库,建立梯级水库群联合防洪调度模型,研究梯级水库群泄洪设施联合调控策略,并以雅砻江下游梯级水库群泄洪设施联合运行为例进行验证。结果表明:优化调度方案充分利用防洪库容调蓄,其出库流量过程比常规调度更加均匀,极大程度的削减了出库洪峰流量,其中锦屏一级水电站出库流量过程变化范围由1 712~5 375 m^3/s减小为3 181~3 713 m^3/s,变化次数也由10次减少为5次,出库洪峰流量减幅达到22%;同时,优化调度方案中梯级水库群泄洪设施变化总次数较常规调度明显减少,由182次减少至153次,泄洪设施组合方案调整的频率明显降低。研究成果对于推动梯级水库群防洪优化调度向泄洪设施运行控制的精细化和智能化转变,提升梯级水库群防洪调度管理水平具有重要的理论意义和工程实践价值。
Flood disaster is one of the most serious natural disasters in China,and flood control of reservoirs is an important means to effectively avoid or mitigate flood disasters.Currently,flood control dispatching of reservoirs mainly uses optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal dispatching decision-making scheme,rarely considering the operation control of reservoir flood discharge facilities,which often leads to the deviation of the actual flood dispatching results from the optimal dispatching results.In this paper,by studying the digitalization of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities,the database of flood discharge facilities usage is established.Combining with the joint flood control model of cascade reservoirs,the joint control strategy of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities is studied.Taking the joint operation of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities in the lower reaches of Yalong River as an example,the discharge process of optimal dispatching scheme is more uniform than that of conventional dispatching,which greatly reduces the peak flow.For example,the variation range of discharge process of Jinping-I hydropower station is reduced from 1712~5375 m^3/s to 3181~3713 m^3/s,and the variation number is also reduced from 10 to 5,with the peak flow being reduced by 22%.At the same time,the total number of cascade reservoirs flood discharge facilities changes in the optimal dispatching scheme is significantly reduced from 182 to 153 times when compared with the conventional operation scheme,which shows that the frequency of flood discharge facilities combination scheme adjustment is significantly reduced.The research results have important theoretical significance and engineering practical value for promoting the refinement and intellectualization of cascade reservoirs flood control optimal operation to the operation control of flood discharge facilities.
作者
陈仕军
黄炜斌
马光文
CHEN Shijun;HUANG Weibin;MA Guangwen(State Key Lab.of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng.,College of Water Resource&Hydropower,Sichuan Univ.,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《工程科学与技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期151-160,共10页
Advanced Engineering Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0905204,2016YFC0402205,2016YFC0402208)
四川大学专职博士后研发基金(2018SCU12062)
四川大学博士后交叉学科创新启动基金。
关键词
梯级水库群
泄洪设施运用数字化
联合防洪调度模型
组合方案选取原则
联合调控策略
cascade reservoirs
digitalization of flood discharge facilities usage
joint flood control dispatching model
selection principle of combination scheme
joint regulation strategy
