摘要
【目的】研究云南玉米大豆间作模式对玉米根际微生物群落特征、玉米产量及病害的影响,为玉米大豆间作模式的田间应用提供科学依据。【方法】采用单因素随机区组试验,通过设置玉米大豆间作和玉米单作处理,利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术分析间作玉米根际土壤微生物群落结构及其多样性,并进行玉米产量、病害发生与根际微生物变化之间的相关性分析。【结果】间作玉米产量显著高于单作玉米产量(P<0.05);与单作相比,间作后玉米锈病、玉米灰斑病、玉米小斑病和玉米大斑病的病情指数显著降低;间作可提高玉米根际土壤微生物多样性指数(真菌和细菌Observed_species指数、Chao1指数和Shannon指数)。差异OTUs分析结果显示:细菌中276个OTUs在玉米大豆间作中显著富集,251个OTUs在玉米单作中显著富集,芽单孢菌属(Gemmatimonas)和溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)等菌属的数量在玉米大豆间作中显著升高,伯克氏菌属(Burkholderia)和鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)等菌属的数量显著降低;真菌中146个OTUs在玉米大豆间作中显著富集,141个OTUs在玉米单作中显著富集,被孢霉属(Mortierella)和壶菌属(Spizellomyces)等菌属丰度在玉米大豆间作中显著升高,而镰刀菌属(Fusarium)和梭杆菌属(Monographella)等菌属丰度显著降低。功能注释结果显示:玉米大豆间作能使玉米根际土壤中具有促进氮元素转化、有机物分解和改善土壤结构功能的有益微生物的丰度增加,而注释到潜在致病菌有害微生物丰度降低。【结论】玉米大豆间作改变了玉米根际微生物的群落结构,提高了细菌和真菌的多样性,使根际土中有益微生物数量增加,同时潜在致病菌等有害微生物数量降低,提高了玉米的抗病能力,增加了产量。
[Purpose]To investigate the effects of Yunnan maize/soybean intercropping model on the characteristics of maize-rhizosphere microbial community,maize yield and disease,in order to provide scientific basis for the field application of maize/soybean intercropping pattern.[Method]By single factor randomized block experiment,by setting the maize intercropping soybean and maize monoculture treatment,using the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology analysis of intercropping maize rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and diversity,and maize yield,disease occurrence and change the correlation analysis between rhizosphere microorganisms.[Result]The yield of intercropping maize was significantly higher than that of monocultural maize(P<0.05).Compared with monoculture,the disease index of corn rust,corn gray leaf spot,corn southern leaf blight and corn northern leaf blight decreased significantly after intercropping.Intercropping can improve the microbial diversity index of maize rhizosphere soil(Observed_species index,Chao1 index and Shannon index of fungi and bacteria).Difference bacteria OTUs analysis results showed that 276 OTUs and 251 OTUs were significantly enriched in maize and soybean intercropping,while 251 OTUs were significantly enriched in single cropping.The number of bacteria genera such as Gemmatimonas and Lysobacter increased significantly in maize/soybean intercropping,while the number of bacteria genera such as Burkholderia and Sphingobium decreased significantly.146 fungi OTUs were significantly enriched in maize and soybean intercropping,and 141 OTUs were significantly enriched in single maize cropping.The abundance of Mortierella,Spizellomyces and other fungi increased significantly in maize and soybean intercropping,while that of Fusarium and Monographella decreased significantly.Functional annotation results showed that soybean intercropping maize can make maize rhizosphere is promoting the transformation of nitrogen in the soil,organic matter decomposition and improve soil structure function of beneficial microbial abundance increased,and the annotation to the potential pathogenic bacteria abundance reduce harmful microorganisms.[Conclusion]The maize changed soybean intercropping maize rhizosphere microbial community structure,to improve the diversity of bacteria and fungi,increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere soil,at the same time to reduce the number of potential pathogenic bacteria and other harmful microbes,enhances the disease resistance of maize,increase the output.
作者
代真林
汪娅婷
姚秀英
张晋豪
王彦芳
姚博
魏兰芳
姬广海
DAI Zhenlin;WANG Yating;YAO Xiuying;ZHANG Jinghao;WANG Yanfang;YAO Bo;WEI Lanfang;JI Guanghai(Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biodiversity for Plant Disease Management under the Ministry of Education,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Agricultural Foundation Experiment Teaching Center,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期756-764,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200703,2019YFD1002000)
云南省农业联合重点项目[(2017FG001(-005)]
云南省重点研发(农业领域)计划项目(2018BB016)
云南农业大学第十二届科技创新创业行动基金项目(2019ZKY208)
关键词
玉米
间作
高通量测序
根际微生物多样性
病害控制
maize
intercropping
high-throughput sequencing
rhizosphere microorganisms
diversity control disease
