摘要
在城市地区采用地震勘探方法时,由于地表障碍物、地形等因素的影响,地震检波器不能按照观测系统设计规则布设,采集的地震数据存在道缺失,常规的浅层地震数据处理方法由于没有采用数据重建方法,因此会影响地震数据处理和解释的效果.压缩感知技术被引入到地震勘探中已经有十余年,但都是在石油地震勘探中应用,其原因是石油地震勘探数据量大,信噪比高.由于浅层地震勘探的覆盖次数小,信噪比低,在浅层地震勘探中应用压缩感知技术存在一定的挑战,能否应用压缩感知技术于城市浅层地震勘探尚未可知.本文对压缩感知理论在浅层地震勘探中的应用进行探索,将模拟的压缩感知采集的数据进行重建;以曲波变换为稀疏变换,通过构造0-范数的一种逼近函数建立稀疏反演模型,并提出了一种快速的求解方法.模拟数据实验表明,本文方法能够很好的对缺失地震数据进行重建.对某地区地震活断层勘探的实际地震数据进行了模拟的压缩感知采样和数据重建,并对原始数据、压缩感知采集数据和重建数据分别进行了相同的地震数据处理,偏移成像结果验证了基于压缩感知的重建方法能够获得和常规采集数据相当的处理结果.本文验证了基于压缩感知的地震数据重建技术在浅层地震勘探中的可行性,为后续的研究打下了良好的基础.
Due to the influence of surface obstacles,topography and other factors,geophones can not be arranged according to the observation system when using seismic exploration methods in urban areas,and there is a lack of traces in the collected seismic data.Because the conventional shallow seismic data processing methods do not use data reconstruction methods,this will influence results of seismic data processing and interpretation.Compressive sensing technology has been introduced into seismic exploration for more than ten years,but it is only applied in petroleum seismic exploration because of the large amount of data and high signal-to-noise ratio in petroleum seismic exploration.Since the small coverage times and low signal-to-noise ratio of shallow seismic exploration,there are some challenges in the application of compressive sensing technology in shallow seismic exploration.It is not known whether compressive sensing technology can be applied in urban shallow seismic exploration.In this paper,the application of compressive sensing theory in shallow seismic exploration is explored,and the data collected by simulated compressive sensing is reconstructed;a sparse inversion model is established by constructing an approximation function of the 0-norm,the curvelet transform is chosen as the sparse transform,and a fast solution method is proposed.Simulation data experiments show that this method can reconstruct the missing seismic data very well.A field seismic data of active fault exploration in a certain area are simulated by compressive sensing sampling and data reconstruction,and the original data,compressive sensing acquisition data and reconstruction data are processed with the same seismic data processing workflow respectively.Migration imaging results verify that the reconstruction method based on compressive sensing can obtain comparable processing results as the conventional acquisition data.This paper verifies the feasibility of seismic data reconstruction technology based on compressivie sensing in shallow seismic exploration,which lays a good foundation for the follow-up research.
作者
曹静杰
杨志权
杨歧焱
CAO Jing-jie;YANG Zhi-quan;YANG Qi-yan(Hebei GEO University,Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第4期1545-1551,共7页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41974166,41674114)
河北省自然科学基金(D2017403027)
河北省高等学校百名优秀创新人才支持计划(Ⅲ)(SLRC2017024)共同资助。
关键词
城市活断层
压缩感知
曲波变换
地震数据重建
零范数逼近
Urban active fault
Compressive sensing
Curvelet transform
Seismic reconstruction
0-norm approximation
