摘要
目的:探讨基于个体症状变化对急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarction,ACI)急性期患者实施基于问题式学习(problem-based learning,PBL)健康教育的效果。方法:回顾性分析2018年3月至2019年2月间收治的90例ACI患者临床资料,根据健康教育方法分为观察组(42例)和对照组(48例)。对照组采用常规健康教育,观察组采用PBL式健康教育。比较两组干预2周后脑梗死健康知识掌握情况、康复训练依从性,干预前、干预2周后,评估患者心理状况[焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self rating depression scale,SDS)、自尊量表(self-esteem scale,SES)、一般自我效能量表(general self-efficacy,GSES)],随访3个月评估患者生活方式[健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(health-promoting lifestyles-Ⅱ,HPLPⅡ)]、功能恢复情况[改良Barthel指数(modified barthel index,MBL)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分法(Fugl-meyer motor function assessment,FMA)]。结果:随访3个月后,两组MBL、FMA均高于干预前(P<0.05),观察组增幅大于对照组(P<0.05)。干预2周后,观察组ACI健康知识问卷得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预2周后,两组SAS、SDS得分均低于干预前(P<0.05),两组SES、GSES得分均高于干预前(P<0.05),观察组变化幅度大于对照组(P<0.05)。随访3个月后,观察组HPLPⅡ得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预2周后,总依从率观察组为95.24%(40/42),对照组为81.25%(39/42),观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于个体症状变化对ACI急性期患者实施PBL式健康教育效果良好,能对患者生理心理、依从性等多方面产生积极效应。
Objective:To explore the effects of PBL health education on the patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)at acute stage based on individual symptoms changes.Methods:Clinical data of 90 ACI patients admitted from March,2018 to February,2019 was retrospectively analyzed,according to the methods of health education,they were allocated to the observation group(42 cases)and the control group(48 cases).The control group adopted conventional health education,and the observation group PBL health education.To compare the grasping conditions of ACI health knowledge,rehabilitation training compliance two weeks after the intervention between both groups,to assess psychological states(SAS,SDS,SES and GSES)before intervention and two weeks after the intervention,to evaluate lifestyle[HPLPⅡ,functional recovery conditions(MBL and FMA)]of the patients in three-month follow-up.Results:After following for three months,MBL and FMA of both groups were higher than these before the intervention(P<0.05),the increase of the observation group was greater than that of the control group(P<0.05).ACI health knowledge questionnaire scores of the observation group were higher than these of the control group two weeks after the intervention(P<0.05).SAS and SDS scores of both groups two weeks after the intervention were lower than these before the intervention(P<0.05),SES and GSES of both groups were higher than these before the intervention(P<0.05),the changes of the observation group were greater than these of the control group(P<0.05).After following for three months,HPLPⅡscores of the observation group were higher than these of the control group(P<0.05).Total compliance rate of the observation group was 95.24%(40/42),higher than 81.25%(39/42)of the control group two weeks after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:PBL health education applied to ACI patients at acute stage could obtain notable effects based on the changes of individual symptoms,and it could produce positive effects on the physiology and psychology,compliance and others in the patients.
作者
许玉军
孙培养
王涛
余爽
刘琨
胡美婷
XU Yujun;SUN Peiyang;WANG Tao;YU Shuang;LIU Kun;HU Meiting(Lujiang County TCM Hospital,Lujiang 231500,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine;Nursing College,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine;The Second Clinical Medical School,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine)
出处
《西部中医药》
2020年第8期141-144,共4页
Western Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
安徽省自然科学基金项目(1708085QH191)。
