摘要
目的了解广州市居民对生活饮用水知识的认知、态度和行为习惯,为预防因生活饮用水知识缺乏而导致疾病及不良健康状况的发生提供理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法从广州市城区和郊区共抽取300人。利用自行设计的“广州市居民生活饮用水知识态度行为调查表”自填式对居民进行调查。结果共收到有效问卷294份,调查对象年龄范围为18~78岁,男性150人(51.0%)、女性144人(49.0%);发现女性在“自来水的水源污染是否是越来越严重、自来水中的消毒剂副产物是否对人体健康危害较大”的知晓率高于男性(χ^2=6.390,P<0.05;χ^2=7.247,P<0.05)。而在“健康成人每日饮水量、调查对象实际每日饮水量及是否愿意从自己做起减少饮用水的污染”等认知行为态度方面,男性优于女性(χ^2=8.856,P<0.05;χ^2=9.788,P<0.05;χ^2=9.028,P<0.05);城市调查对象生活饮用水知识的知晓率均高于郊区调查对象(P<0.05);高学历者的生活饮用水知识的知晓率均高于低学历者,且高学历者更愿意向有关部门反映水质问题,愿意从自己做起减少对水的污染、保护水源及关注用水卫生信息(χ^2=18.36,P<0.05;χ^2=15.38,P<0.05;χ^2=11.42,P<0.05;χ^2=28.85,P<0.05)。结论性别、学历及地域均是影响居民生活饮用水知识、态度、行为的因素,相关政府部门应该多媒介、有重点地加强生活饮用水知识的宣教,促使居民形成良好的饮水习惯。
Objective To investigate the drinking water related knowledge,attitude and practice among the residents in Guangzhou,and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the diseases and adverse health effects caused by the lack of drinking water related knowledge.Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to select 300 residents from urban and suburban areas in Guangzhou.A self-designed questionnaire,“Drinking Water Related Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of Residents in Guangzhou”,was used to investigate the residents by self-filling.Results A total of 294 valid questionnaires were received,including 150 males(51.0%)and 144 females(49.0%).The age range of respondents was 18~78.The awareness rate of“whether the water pollution of tap water is getting worse and worse,and whether the disinfectant by-products in tap water are harmful to human health”in females was higher than that in males(χ^2=6.390,P<0.05;χ^2=7.247,P<0.05).However,males had better cognitive and behavioral attitudes than females,such as“daily drinking water quantity of healthy adults,actual daily drinking water quantity and willingness to reduce drinking water pollution from themselves”(χ^2=8.856,P<0.05;χ^2=9.788,P<0.05;χ^2=9.028,P<0.05).The awareness rate of drinking water related knowledge in urban areas was higher than that in suburban areas(P<0.05).The highly educated residents had higher awareness rate of drinking water related knowledge than those with low-level education.And respondents with higher education were willing to report the problems of water quality to relevant departments and to reduce water pollution from themselves(χ^2=18.36,P<0.05;χ^2=15.38,P<0.05;χ^2=11.42,P<0.05;χ^2=28.85,P<0.05).Conclusion Gender,education background and region were all factors affecting drinking water related knowledge,attitude and practice.Relevant government departments should strengthen the focused education of drinking water related knowledge through multi-media,so as to promote residents to develop good drinking habits.
作者
李琴
王德东
钟嶷
周金华
邓国涛
LI Qin;WANG Dedong;ZHONG Yi;ZHOU Jinhua;DENG Guotao(Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong510440,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2020年第10期1017-1020,F0003,共5页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
广州市医药卫生科技项目(2018A011090014)。
关键词
成年居民
知识
态度
行为
生活饮用水
Adult resident
Knowledge
Attitude
Practice
Drinking water
