摘要
烟草移栽期与施氮量对烤烟生产影响重大,本研究通过大田小区试验,研究不同移栽期与施氮量对重庆奉节烟区烤烟农艺性状、经济性状和化学成分的影响.结果表明,提前移栽烟草(4月30日)对烤烟的农艺性状、产量、产值和中上等烟比例均达到最优,且上部叶和中部叶各化学成分均达到优质烤烟适宜值范围,烟叶内部化学成分的协调性最好;当每667 m 2施氮量为5.5~8.5 kg范围时,随着施氮量的增加,烤烟农艺性状、产量、产值和中上等烟比例呈先升高后降低的趋势,当每667 m 2施氮量为7 kg时,上部叶和中部叶各化学成分达到优质烤烟适宜值的范围,烟叶内在品质最佳.通过分析移栽期与施氮量双因素互作对烤烟经济性状与化学成分影响,建议在重庆奉节烟区,提前烤烟的移栽期,每667 m 2施氮量控制在7 kg左右.
Tobacco transplanting period and nitrogen application rate have a significant impact on flue-cured tobacco production.A field trial was conducted to study the effects of transplanting period and nitrogen application rate on the agronomic and economic characters and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco in Fengjie,Chongqing.The results showed that advancing the time of transplanting to April 30 had the best effects on the agronomic characters,yield and the proportion of middle-class and superior tobacco leaves,the chemical components of the upper and middle leaves reached the suitable value range for high-quality flue-cured tobacco,and the tobacco leaves had the best internal chemical composition.With a range of nitrogen application rate of 5.5-8.5 kg/mu(15 mu=1 ha),the agronomic characters,yield,output value and the proportion of middle-class and superior tobacco leaves tended to increase first and be followed by a decline.When the nitrogen application rate was 7 kg/mu,the chemical components of the upper and middle leaves reached the range of suitable values for high-quality flue-cured tobacco,and the intrinsic quality of the tobacco leaves was the best.Based on the above results,it is recommended that the transplanting of flue-cured tobacco seedlings should be advanced to an earlier date in Fengjie,and the nitrogen application rate should be controlled at around 7 kg/mu.
作者
余永旭
谷纪涛
丁伟
YU Yong-xu;GU Ji-tao;DING Wei(Huichuan Branch of Zunyi Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province,Zunyi Guizhou 563000,China;School of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《植物医生》
2020年第4期36-42,共7页
Plant Doctor
基金
重庆市科委重点项目(CSTC2018JSCX-MSZDX0047)
国家烟草专卖局重大专项(110201601025LS-05).
关键词
移栽期
施氮量
经济性状
化学成分
transplanting period
nitrogen application rate
economic trait
chemical composition
