摘要
《行政协议解释》没有解决无效行政协议审查规则的统一化问题。司法实践中,法院同时运用行政诉讼法规则与合同法规则对无效行政协议进行审查。行政诉讼法规则包括不具有行政主体资格、没有依据、内容客观上不可能实施、其他重大且明显违法的情形等,合同法规则包括《合同法》第52条规定的所有五种事由。两套规则组合适用的方式有嵌套适用、同时适用和独立适用三种。同时运用两套规则的问题在于:一是合同法规则不明确;二是法院选择适用两套规则时极易滥用司法裁量权。基于两套规则的共同基础,应实现无效行政协议审查规则的统一化。当出现《合同法》第52条部分规则所规定的情形时,应当确认行政协议无效。《民法典》生效后部分规则应微调。
In judicial practice,the court uses public law standards and private law standards to review invalid administrative agreements.The public law standards include not having the qualification of administrative subject,not having the basis,not being able to carry out the content objectively,and other major and obvious illegal situations,etc.The rules of Contract Law include all five reasons stipulated in article 52 of Contract Law.There are three ways for the combination of the two sets of rules to apply:nested application,simultaneous application and independent application.The simultaneous use of two sets of standards creates conflicts that causes private law standards to not be clear and leads to abuse of judicial discretion.Based on the common basis of the two sets of standards,it is possible to construct unified review standards for invalid administrative agreements.When the situation stipulated in part rules of article 52 of the Contract Law occurs,the administrative agreement shall be confirmed to be invalid.In the short term,consensus can be accumulated gradually by the way that the Supreme People’s Court issues guiding cases.After the Civil Code comes into effect,some rules should be fine-tuned.
出处
《法学杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第10期92-101,共10页
Law Science Magazine
基金
司法部部级科研项目“行政民事交织争议的解决”(项目编号:15SFB3011)的阶段性研究成果
“上海市教育法学人才培养计划”(项目编号:2017JYFXR027)
上海师范大学“城市基层治理法治化与精细化”工作坊资助。
关键词
行政协议
无效
审查规则
administrative agreement
invalid
review standard
