摘要
研究湖泊沉积物中重金属的含量及其潜在生态风险对评估湖泊生态环境质量有着重大意义.通过文献收集2002 ~2016年巢湖湖区表层沉积物重金属浓度数据,全面分析近15年内10种重金属的污染特征、生态风险和主要来源.结果 显示,As、Cd、Cu、Cr、Fe、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn元素近15年已有数据年份的平均含量分别为12.33、0.398、41.75、67.59、31 506、0.120、722.5、31.12、37.30和108.7mg/kg,除Cr外,其余元素皆高于安徽省土壤背景值;从时间浓度变化特征来看,元素Cd、Fe、Hg、Mn、Ni和Pb浓度变化较大,As、Cr、Cu和Zn元素浓度变化较为稳定;空间污染分布为西湖区>全湖>东湖区.地累积指数评价结果表明,元素在西湖区的污染程度为Cd>Hg>Zn>Pb>Mn>Fe>As>Ni>Cu>Cr,Cd、Hg和Zn属“中度”污染.潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明,西湖区多处于中等生态危害,全湖与东湖区多属于轻微生态危害,Cd贡献最多,多为强生态危害.污染来源分析表明,As、Cu、Cr和Cd主要来源于工农业复合污染,Pb主要来源于交通污染,Zn主要来源于煤炭燃烧、垃圾焚烧等.
It is of great significance to study the content of heavy metals and their potential ecological risks in lake sediments to assess the ecological quality of lakes.With heavy metal concentration data of Chaohu Lake surface sediments from 2002 to 2016 collected through literature,pollution characteristics,ecological risks and main sources of 10 heavy metals in the past 15 years were comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the average contents of As、Cd、Cu、Cr、Fe、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb and Zn in the past 15 years are respectively 12.33、0.398、41.75、67.59、31506、0.120、722.5、31.12、37.30 and 108.7mg/kg.The content of all elements is higher than that of the soil background average of Anhui Province,except for Cr.From Changes of time concentration,the concentration of Cd,Fe,Hg,Mn,Ni and Pb changes greatly,while the concentration of As,Cr,Cu and Zn little.The distribution of spatial pollution degree in the lake represents the west area>the whole area>the east area.The results of cumulative land index evaluation indicate that the pollution degree of various elements in the west lake area represents Cd>Hg>Zn>P b>Mn>Fe>As>Ni>Cu>Cr.The pollution of Cd、Hg and Zn is“moderate”,The potential ecological risk index evaluation shows the west area mostly in a moderate ecological hazard,the whole lake and the east area mostly in minor ecological hazards,in which Cd contributes the most,as a main element of strong ecological hazards.Analysis of pollution sources shows the sources of As、Cu、Cr and Cd were mainly originating from industry and agriculture,Pb mainly from traffic pollution and Zn mainly from coal combustion and waste incineration.
作者
杨阳
李小龙
杨碧莹
杨金香
胡友彪
刘翔
YANG Yang;LI Xiaolong;YANG Biying;YANG Jinxiang;HU Youbiao;LIU Xiang(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)
出处
《安徽理工大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2020年第4期46-54,共9页
Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Natural Science
基金
安徽巢湖流域水环境综合治理项目亚行贷款基金资助项目(Loan 2941-PRC)。
关键词
沉积物
重金属污染
生态风险评价
源分析
sediment
heavy metal pollution
ecological risk assessment
source analysis
