摘要
目的回顾性分析1958—2017年甘肃省人间鼠疫流行情况,为今后鼠疫防控部门更好地开展工作提供依据和指导。方法采用查阅文献、回顾档案资料的方法对甘肃省发生的人间鼠疫疫情及病例资料开展描述流行病学分析。结果1958—2017年甘肃省发生32起人间鼠疫疫情,主要发生在鼠疫自然疫源地县(区)内,71例人间鼠疫病例由直接接触传染源所引发,病例集中在20~39岁,且以男性为主,病型以肺型、腺型和败血型为主;主要传染源为鼠疫病人、喜马拉雅旱獭、猫、野兔、牧羊犬等;发病季节在3—12月,高峰主要在5—9月。结论甘肃省人间鼠疫病例病程短、传播快、病死率高;应加强医务人员和重点人群的鼠疫知识健康教育,落实首诊医生责任制,提高鼠疫防治人员业务能力,完善鼠疫预测预警管理体系,防止人间鼠疫疫情蔓延扩散。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemic situation of human plague in Gansu province from 1958 to 2017,so as to provide basis and guidance for the department to carry out plague prevention and control in future.Methods The epidemic situation and patient data of human plague in Gansu province were collected with literature review and archival data review method for descriptively epidemiological analysis.Results There were 32 outbreaks of human plague occurred in Gansu province from 1958 to 2017,mainly in the natural plague foci(counties/districts),with all 71 human plague cases transmitted by direct contact with the infection sources.The cases were concentrated in the age of 20-39 years,and male cases were the dominant,with the main type of pneumonic,glandular and septicemic plague.The main infection source were plague patient,Himalayan marmot,cat,hares,herding dog,and so on.The onset season was from March to December,with the peak mainly from May to September.Conclusions The features of human plague cases are short course of disease,rapid spread,and high fatality rate in Gansu province.For preventing the spread of human plague,the health education on plague knowledge should be strengthened among medical personnel and focus groups,the responsibility system of doctors in first-visit should be implemented,the professional ability of the personnel working for plague control should be improved,and the management system of plague prediction and early warning should be consummated.
作者
雷海生
徐大琴
郭丽民
王鼎盛
张艳
岳嘉
李金娟
裴凌云
王新华
LEI Hai-sheng;XU Da-qin;GUO Li-min;WANG Din-sheng;ZHANG Yan;YUE Jia;LI Jin-juan;PEI Ling-yun;WANG Xin-hua(School of Public Health of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;不详)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2020年第4期1-5,共5页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
基金
甘肃中医药大学校级一流本科课程立项项目(2019)。
关键词
人间鼠疫
流行病学分析
疫情
Human plague
Epidemiological analysis
Epidemic situation
